He wants to believe that he could return to AIPAC if he is exonerated, but this does not seem likely. AIPAC leaders are downplayillg Rosen's importance to the organization.. "AIPAC is focussed primarily on legislative lobbying," Dorton told me. Rosen's severance pay will end in September, although AIPAC, in accordance with its bylaws, will continue to pay legal fees for Rosen and Weissman. Rosen's defenders are critical ofAIPAC for its handling ofthe controversy. Martin Indyk, who is now the director ofthe Saban Center for Middle East Policy, a think tank within the Brookings Institution, thinks that AIPAC made a tactical mistake by cutting offthe two men. "It appears they've abandoned their own on the battlefield," he says. "Because they cut Steve on: they leave. him no choice." Indykwouldn't elaborate, but the implication was clear: Rosen and Weissman will defend themselves by arguing that they were working in concert with the nighest officials of the organization, including Kohr. Until there is an indictment, the government's full case against Rosen and Weissman cannot be known; no one in the Justice Department will comment. The laws concerning the di~semination ofgovernment secrets are sometimes ambiguous and often unenforced, and prosecutors in such cases face complex choices. According to Lee Strickland, a former chief privacy officer ofthe C.I.A., prosecutors pressing espionage charges against Rosen and Weissman would have t9 prove that the information the two men gave to Gilon not merely was classified but rose to the level of "national-defense information," meaning that it could cause dire harm to the United States.. Yet a reporter who called the Embassy to discuss the same iJiformation in the course of preparing a story-thus violating the same statute-would almost certainly not be pro~ecuted., Strickland continued, "Twice in the Clinton Administration we had proposals to broaden the statutes to include the recipients, not just the leakers, ofclassified information.. TheNew York Times and the Washington Post went bat-shit about this legislation. They saw it as an attempt to shut down . leaks." IfAmerican law did punish those who receive, and then pass on, or publish, privileged information, much oftheWasllington press corps would be in jail, ~ccording to Lee Levine, a First Amendment lawyer. So would a great many government officials, elected and appointed, for whom classified information is the currency ofconversation with reporters and lobbyists. Strickland, who said that he had spent much ofhis career a~ the C.I.A. "shutting down" leaks, called the AIPAC affair ''uncharted territory." It is uncommon, he said, for an espionage case to be built on the oral transmission ofnational-defense information. He also said, "Intent is always an element. IfI were a defense attorney, I would-argue that this was a form of entrapment. The F.B.I. agents deliberately set my client up, put him in a moral quandary.." He added, however, that although ajury might recognize the quandary, the law does not. "Just because you have information that would help a foreign country doesn't make it yourjob to pass that information." Even some ofAIPAC's most vigorous critics do not see the Rosen affair as a tradi~onal espionage case. James Bamford, who is the author ofwell-received books about the National Security. Agency, and an often vocal critic ofIsrael and the pro-Israel lobby, sees the case as a cautionary tale about one lobbying group's disproportionate influence: "What Pollard did was espionage. This is a much di(ferent and more unique animal-this is the selling ofideology, trying to sell a viewpoint." He continued, ''Larry Franklin is not going to knock on George Bush's dOOf, but he can get AIPAC, whic~ is a pressure group, and the Israeli government, which is an enormous pressure group, to try to get the American government to change its policy to a more aggressive policy." Bamford, who believes that Weissman and Rosen may indeed be guilty ofsoliciting information and passing it to aforeign government, sees the cas.e as a kind ofbmshback pitch, a way oflimiting AIPAC'S long-and, in Bamford's view, dangerous-reach.. http://www.newyorker.comlprintableslfacY950704faJ~ct 6/27/2005 • , 'The New Yorker: PRINTABLES o o Page90f9 Other AIPAC critics see the lobby's behavior as business as usual in Washington. "The No.. ! game in Washington is making people falking to you feel like you're an insider, that you've got infonnation no one else has," Sam Gejdenson, a fonner Democratic congressman from Connecticut, says. When Gejdenson opposed a proposal to increaSe Israel's foreign-aid allocation at the expense of'more economically needy countries, AIPAC, he sai~, responded by "sitting on its hands" during his reelection campaigns, despite the fact that he is Jewish. "It's like any other lobbying group," he said. "Its job isn't to come up with.the best ideas for mankind, or the U.S. It's narrowly focussed." AIPAC officials insist that the case has not affected the organiiation's effectiveness. But its operations have certainly been hindered by the controversy ofthe past year, and the F.B.I.. sting may force ~obbyists of all sorts to be more careful about trying to penetrate the,e~ecutive branch-and about leaking to reporters. And AIPAC now seems acUtely sensitive to the appearance ofdual loyalty. The theme ofthis year's AIPAC conference was "Israel, an American Value," and, for the first time,'1'{atikvah," the-Israeli na~onal anthem, was' not sung. The only anthem heard was "The Star-Spangled Banner.." + http://www.newyorker.comlprintableslfactJ05~0704fa_f~~t 6/27/2005 National News ~.. . --.- ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED . HEREIN IS TJNCLASSIFIED ~ DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc ba~J1Sg Page l,of.5 Home Local NeVIs, _ .National News Israel News.. -~ - .- Int~ri1ation-al ~ews ~l!lnlo~-= Books' --=---- Cal.enda-r -c-~. ~g~dults -......- ~estaurants - ::ron ........- Food, . ~~-t"_~.....c:· Milestones - - . ~~~!Idays' ____ SourceBooJ( .- Sh'opping' -- Marketplace Personals - About Us .Adyertisers Criinmuni~te,. Coinmu.Oity Unks' jsea~cti~ ~ Current o Arch~ search National News Lawye:r; Franklin Used In AIPAC Sting Ron Kampe~ and Ma~thew E. Berger Special to the Jewish Times JULy 11~2005 Washington Lawrence Franklin, the Pentagon analyst at the center ofthe gove~entts espionage case ~gainst two fonner employees ofthe American Israel-Public ~airs Committee, "walke4 onstage" in,to an on$Qing investigation ofAlPAC offici~s, according ~o his attorney: ' Plato'Cacheri~"o~e ofWashingtonts best-knoW!} espionage lawyers, told ITA in a recent interview that,he is representing Franklin for.free because he feels his client was unfairly targeted. til felt for him,It Cacheris said. "I fett pe was unfairly put upon.It .Franklin was indicted lastmonth'on charges th~t he conspired to reveal classifie9 information to two AlPAC officials; former policy director SteveRosen andfonner Iran analyst-Keith Weissman, and an Israeli Embassy employee" Franklin's trial is se~ to start-Sept. 6. The midlevel Iran analyst has plead not guilty. "Franklin~'Yalkoo onstag~; there already was an inve~tigation going on not involyinghim,II Cacheris said. Pro~ecutors and other g~vemment o~cials hav~ refused to comment on the case. The infQrm~tion that F~nklin allegediy relayed to Rose.~ and Weissman centered on Irant~ activities in post-invasion Ir~q. ·Cacherist assertion th~tFranklin was an accidental target,in the case reinforces the perception held by tho~e close to the defense of Weissman a~dRoserl that the't}Vo former AlPAG eD:lployees were the FBrs original targets. - I _. - -http;/Iwww;jewishtimes.comlNewsl4833.stm.... - -)-f ~r-OJ.&1IS·-Mfuo05 ;k ~( ~'&- National News o o Page2of5 Indeed, Franklin's in~ictmetit cites as evidence apparently tapped phone conversations ofRosen even before he met Franklin, suggesting that the government stumbled across Franklin in the course oftracking Rosen. Another source familiar with the government's case against Rosen says an investigation was launched as early as September 2001 because the Bush administration wanted to quash what it believed was a promiscuous culture ofleaking in Washington. Rosen was renowned for his access t9 inside infonnation., .Cacheris would not speculate about the government's rationale for the case. "There seems to me there is something driving it,II he said. "What it is, I don't know yet." Five ofthe six charges in Franklin's indictment focus on his relationship with Rosen and Weissman; the sixth involves his relationship with Naor Oilon, head ofthe political desk at the ~sraeli Embassy in Washington.. According t~ the indictment, Franklin's acquaintance with Oilon predates his meetings with Rosen and Weissman. Cacheris said a relationship between Gilon and Franklin - two men with a professional interestin Iran - was hardly surprising. He characterized the indictment's implication that Franklin sought some$ing from Israel in exchange for infonnation as "rather flimsy.." The indictment mentions a store gift card Franklin received from Oilon and a letter ofreference Oilon 'wrote on behalf ofFranklin's daughter, who was going to visit Israel. Franklin sought Cacheris' legal· assistance late last year after the FBI said it would press charges againsthim, even though he had cooperated with the government's investigation ofRosen and Weissman. Asked why Franklin agreed to the FBI's alleged request last June to participate in a sting operation involving Weissman and Rosen without even asking for a lawyer or any quid pro quo, Cacheris smiled.. "Larry's a little bit guileless - maybe a lot guileless - and maybe a bit unsophisticated for a guy with a Ph.D. in Asian studies," said Cacheris, a Southerner with an awncular manner and a fondness for seersucker suits. liThe questions that you would have asked, he didn't ask." tllf he had a lawyer up front, we wouldn't be talking today," Cacheris said. http://www.jewishtimes.comlNews/4833.stm 7/13/2005 National News o o Page 3 of5 In the alleged sting on July 21,2004, Franklin called Weissman and insisted that they meet as soon as possible., When they met later that day at a shopping mall, Franklin told Weissman that Iranian agents planned to imminently kidnap, torture and kill Israeli and American agents in northern Iraq, according to sources. Franklin reportedly asked Weissman to relay the information to Elliott Abrams, then the assistant national'security adviser at the White House in charge of dealing with the Middle East. The presumption was that AlPAC would have better access to the White House than a mid-level Iran analyst at the Pentagon. The reliability ofthe information has never been verified, but Cacheris insists Franklin was embroiled in a sting operation. "He was given a script,II the attorney said. Weissman relayed the information to Rosen, and together they told their boss, AIPAC's executive director Howard Kohr, asking him to pass it on to Abrams, according to multiple sources. There is no evidence that Kohr shared the infonnation with Abrams or anyone else or that he knew it was classified. The government has assured AlPAC that nei~her it nor Kohr are targets in the investigation, AlPAC has said.. Cacheris said he does not know ifthe alleged sting was directed at anyone beyond Rosen or Weissma~. The two AlPAC staffers also relayed the information to Gilon at the Israeli Embassy and to Glenn Kessler, The Washington Post's State Department correspondent, according to sources close to the defense. Those two conversations are expected to be central to the case against Rosen and Weissman.. Indictments against the two are expected to be handed down sometime this summer.. The government will "argue that relaying classified infonnation to a foreign agent is an act ofespionage and that Rosen and Weissman made it clear in their conversation with Kessler that the information was classified, according to defense sources familiar with the government's case. Weissman and Rosen will say they did not know that the information was classified and that the·government is distorting their conversation with Kessler, according to sources close to the former AIPAC officials. In ~ugust 2004, about a month after the alleged sting, FBI agents raided the offices ofRosen and Weissman atAlPAC headquarters. In http://www.jewishtimes.comlNews/4833.8tm . 7113/2005 National News o o Page 4 ofS January, the government convened a grand jury in Virginia to consider the case. Cacheris, famous for handling high-profile espionage cases including those against the FBI's Robert Hannsen and the CIA's Aldrich Ames -- doesn't believe the government has a lot to go on. The exchanges that Rosen, Weissman and Franklin allegedly had are "very comJ:llon," Cacheris said. "People in this city are talking every day about stuffthey're not allowed to talk about. It's not inappropriate." AIPAC fired Weissman and Rosen in March, after months of defending their integrity, citing infonnatio~ that ar.ose out ofthe FBI investigation. Franklin also faces charges in West Virginia, his place ofresidence, where he is alleged to have violated a ban on removing classified documents from the Virginia-Maryland-D.C.. region by taking some items home.. Franklin was reprimanded in the late 1990s for the same reason but was allowed to keep his security clearance. Cacheris said he wasn't currently negotiating a deal 'for Franklin.. "We will not plead to an espionage count because we don't think that is justified,tI he said. Cacheris did not rule out agreeing to a plea bargain on a lesser charge in the future. This story reprinted courtesy of~he Jew~sh_Telegraphic Agencv. To read more, pick.up a copy ofthe Jewish Times at one ofour newsstand ~.<?cat!ons. To purchase a subscription or send a gift subscription, fill out our .9_n~ line fo_oo. ~Talk about It In ~oforum Copyright 02003 the Baltimore Jewish Times http://Viww.jewishtimes.comlNews/4833.stm 7/13/2005 TheNation. o •.... o ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS lU~CLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/lsg Click here to return to the browser-optimized version ofthis page. This article can be found on the web at http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20050801&s=rozen The Big Chill by LAURA ROZEN [posted online on July 14,2005] Achill has taken hold lately among both government officials and the US media. It comes in the wake of a US district court's decision to jail a New York Times reporter for refusing to reveal to a grand jury her sources in the Bush Administration and the FBI investigation ofa Pentagon Iran analyst for leaking classified information to former officials with the pro-Israel lobby group A.IPAC. As a result, those who engage in what have long been standard Washington practices--reporters ferreting out information from government sources, those sources confiding in policy associates, lobbyists and reporters- have become increasingly inhibited in carrying out their jobs. Even as a press frenzy surrounds a grand jury investigation ofwhether top presidential advisor Karl Rove leaked a CIA officer's identity to the press, unease in the Washington policy and journalistic communities is also evident. In the wake of Times reporter Judith Miller's jailing and in fear of government prosecution, the Cleveland Plain Dealer has decided, on the advice of its lawyers, not to publish two major articles based on ieaked government inform~ion. At a recent gathering in a suburban Maryland living room, the conversation among a handful of foreign policy experts and reporters was about the sense offear and clampdown. One government expertwas convinced office phone conversations were regularly monitored by higher-ups, and reporters noted that senior government sources, intimida(ed by the Franklin investigation, have become more tightlipped. While the Franklin!AlPAC investigation is often described as-a counterintelligence case, it too is really about government leaks, and the B~sh Administration's determination to plug them. On September 9, 2001, the New York Times published a story by then-State Department correspondent Jane Perlez, who reported a major shift in what had been the Bush Administration's rejection ofthe ClintonAdministration'sde~p engagement in trying to broker a peace settlement between Israelis and Palestinians. Perlez reported that after months ofrefusing to meet with Yasir Arafat, George W. Bush would grant the o 0- Palestinianleader' his first audience with the new,US President at an upcoming UN General Assembly gathering in Ne~ York IIifprogress, were made. irihigh-ievel talks between ~he Palestinians.and the Israelis.1t That meeting between-Busli and Arafat never happened.'Two ,days after the Times story appeared, Al Qaeda terrorists c~hed planes into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and a field in Pennsylvania,·killing"ahnost' 3,'000 people. In,the aft~.l'!lla~ ofthose attacks~ few people recalled tqat for a briefmoment in the late'summer of2001, the Bush Administration had considered meeting with Ara~at and deepening its poUtic~1 involv~ment in the Israeli..Palestinian co~ict. Everyone forgot, except the FBI. According to a recent report by the Jewish,Telegraphic' Agency, it w~ that September 2001 hew~ article; based on leaks ofsensitive A4ministration deliberatiQns, that prompted then-National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice to. demand'~ FBI leak inves_tigatio~ that has since taken on.a dramatic life ofits ~wn. Mo~t recently, the i~vestigation has led to the federal grand jury indi~tment, unsealed last ~onth' ofPentag9~Iran desk officer Larry Franklin op charges involving conspiracy to disclose classified national defense infonnation ~o unauthorized recipients! It is expected to lead to indictments, under the.Espionage Act, oftwo recently dismissed employees 9fthe American Israel Pu1?lic Affairs Committee for engaging in a conspiracy to receive and-pass on to other unauthorized-recIpients what they knew to be classified information. They are AIPAC's former director of foreign pol~cy research, ,Steve Rosen, :and his deputy, Iran specialist I{eith WeissIl:l~. Among .those the FBI reportedly wants to interview as a potential witness in its'investigation is a"Washington Postjoumalis~ who was allegedly briefed on some of. the classifie<i infomiatiQn by'the fonner .AIPAc officials--inform~tionthose. officials had allegedly received from Franklin in an FBIarranged sting. In addition, Franklin, Rosen and Weissman.are all alleged ~o have ~elayed . classified national defense infori;nation t9 an I~raeli E~bassy official. It is this latter co~ection that has raised talk-of espionage. How does ail investigation ofa leak to the n~~s media turn into an.in~ictn1ent.that alleges a conspiracy to disclose US ~ational ~ecitrity .informatiQn illegally to, among 9thers, 'a, foreign offici~l, with more indictments expected? 1?te evidence a:v~ilable in the Franklin i~dict~ent and other sources does not seem to show the intentio~ to commit espionag~ on behalfofIsrael so ~uch as the des~re to cultivate W~h~ngton alli~~~s that Franklin, ,Rosen and -Weissman considered useful i~ the promotion.9ftheir.own policy positions in the US governinent."As with most administrations, ,in the Bush Administration leaks have been employed by bureaucratic w~rriors on all sides ofthe h~ated Mideast policy debates to in{luen~~ sensitiv~ deliberatiops and_~e stabs'at ~heir oppqne~~. Itis w9rth nottng that President Bush's top politic~l,adviser, Karl Roye, has been reve~led ~ a suspect in a, federal grand jUry investigation (the same one in which Times reporter Miller has been jailed) ofthe circumstances by·.which a CIA offi~er's i,dentity was leaked to Washing~on t:eport~rs in an apparent Administratipn effort ~9 ~iscredit her husband, Joseph Wilson, a fOIn;ler diplomat critical ofthe P~sident's Iraq War policy. ------ --------- o o In interviewing several s~urces knowledgeable about the investigation, what emerges is a complex portrait ofWashington Mideast policy-making at a critical time, in the aftermath ofthe September 11 attacks, when ther~ were near-constant interagency battles over the direction ofUS policy, not just on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict but toward Iran and Iranian-backed forces in Iraq as well. What also emerges is a more detailed picture ofthe modus operandi ofa brilliant and, some say, ruthless bureaucratic infighter at the country's premiere Mideast lobbying group, who was emboldened by his long relationships with figures in and around the Bush Administration and the Washington .scene to behave almost as an unofficial diplomatic entity in' his own right. The fact that that brilliant player, Steve Rosen, could become the target ofa counterintelligence investigation during this Republican Administration is rich inJrony., Several former Rosen associates describe him as a genius at political strategy and subterfuge, the Karl Rove ofJewish-American politics, who helped engineer the lobby group's shift to the right on the American political spectrum; helped broker a strategic alliance between the pro-Israel lobby and Republican far-right legislators, including Senator Jesse Helms, in the 1980s; and who marshaled his organization's resources to conduct de facto intelligence operations ofhis own. As former associates and AlPAC officials describe it, those operations were replete with enemies' lists ofjourn~listsand public figures. Rosen sent AlPAC interns as spies to take notes on the political views ofother members ofthe small world of Jewish community political activism. One former AlPAC intern told The Nation that he was sent by Rosen to Arab-American conferences disguised as a WASP-y, pro-Palestinian liberal to find out which US Congressional candidates the attending groups were supporting. Former associates recite a list ofAlPAC officials with Democratic staff~onnections on Capitol Hill who were purged from the organization in part, they allege, because of Rosen's strategic efforts to move AIPAC decisively to the right. (Sources close to Rosen say that he wasn't acting on pis own in any ofthese endeavors, but as part ofthe organization. A source close to AI;PAC downplays these activities and suggests that many ofthem ended years ago.) Rosen's "entire goal was to shift the organization away from a heavy reliance on Democrats and switch it to Republicans," says M.J. Rosenberg, director ofthe Washington office ofthe Israel Policy Forum and the former editor ofan AIPACweekly newsletter who overlapped with Rosen at the organization in the early'1980s. "Why? Because he thought, maybe correctly, that the wave ofthe future was the right wing of the Republican Party." While such alleged efforts have made Rose.n an object ofcontroversy among some more left leaning members of the politically-active Washington Jewish policy communitx, even those who are not his fans do not believe Rosen is a spy. They describe a man motivated not so much by concern for Israel as a quest for behind-the-scenes power in WashingtoJ;l. "Steve Rosen doesn't give a damn,about Israel," a Jewish community activist who requested anonymity explained. "These are game players. For them, it's all about the game." o o For Rosen, that game became focused on Iran some time ago, in the early 1990s. According to fonner AIPAC sources, the reasons included a request by then-Israe~i Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin thatAIPAC to stay out ofdelicate OS-Israel negotiations over the Mideast peace process. "From...when Rabin came in, Steve's mandate has been to go after Iran, largely because Rabin didn't want him messing around with the peace process,It says one veteran lobbyist who requested anonymity. "Steve took it and ran with it beyond anyone's expectations. So what comes out ofit is that you have a [US] Iran'policy that AIPAC is driving. And this went well into the last [Clinton] Administration. "Then along comes a new Administration that is made up ofthe same neocons that _were promoting the [hawkish] Iran policy," the veteran lobbyist continued, "but this Administration was divided down the center.... On the one hand, you have the neocons...on the other side, you have Powell and Richard Armitage and the State department [and the CIA], who want to try to open up a dialogue. One is for confrontation, and one is for dialogue.... So the neocons, the Iran hawks, know that they have got a natural ally...at other think tanks around town who feel the same way they do.... They also have AIPAC, which has made [Iran] its number-one issue.... My guess is that they went to AlPAC and the others with the same message: 'You have friends we' don't have. Help us to persuade them to see it our way.ttI Persuading political heavyweights to see things his way was what Rosen was all about. Sources tell The Nation that Rosen has a long history ofcultivating executive.branch sources [see Rozen, "Hall ofMirrors," posted here in May], milking them for information, boasting about his access to AIPAC's funder~ and leadership, and engaging in strategic press leaks as a regular part ofhis efforts to influence policy and engage in bureaucratic warfare. Indeed, the unsealed twenty-page Franklin indictment offers a fascinating peek into the government's view ofthe Pentagon analyst and the AIPAC officials cultivating one another, presumably attempting to tip the Bush Administration toward a harder line against Iran. For the AIPAC officials, Franklin--who often appears frustrated at bureaucratic obstacles to this harder line-seems to have offered grumbling and insights on the bitter interagency Iran policy debates inside the AdministratioQ..For Franklin, the AlPAC officials must have seemed like sympathetic political sophisticates, freed from the tyranny ofworking in *e govemment'bureauc~cybut with impressive influence among high-level officials in the White House and key members ofCongress. Indeed, in a fascinating reversal ofthe ordinary official-lobbyist relationship, it appears from the indictment that Franklin thought Rosen could bypass the bureaucracy and take Franklin's infonnation straight to the White House, and possibly "put in a good word for him" to get a job at the National Security Council. . But the Franklin indictment raises a key question: What exactly is the nature ofthe conspiracy the government believes it has uncovered? The kind of infonnation the AlPAC officials seemed most interested in wasn't intelligence but policy inf0t:rnation: . .t,• o o who in the bureaucracy was arguing which position on Iran, who were the obstacles to the adoption ofhard-line policies and the like. "I don't think anyone's spying for anyone,II says a Jewish community activist, no fan of Rosen's, -who asked not to be named. "Rosen is not working for Israel, because' he was working for a separate'sovereign entity [AlPAC]. Franklin just wanted to be' a policy nerd, to advocate for a policy he thought wasn't getting enough attention." But there, are seeming anomalies to this benign interpretation ofthe relationship to be found in the Franklin indictment as well. The most interesting·and surprising'part ofthe indictment describes fourteen meetings between Franklin and,an "FO" (foreign officer), widely reported to be Israeli Embassy political officer Naor Oilon. They met in;the op~en, at the Pentagon Officers' Athletic Club.and Washington-area coffee shops and restaurants, between 2002 and 2004. The last part ofthe indictment asserts that at some point Franklin disclosed to Oilon "clapsified United States government information relating to a weapon~.test conducted by a Middle Easte11l country," presumably Iran. It is hard to discount such an unauthorized disclosure to a foreign government official as an ordinary leak. Another intriguing issue: The indictment describes Franklin's returning from one ofhis meetings with Oilon in May 2003. and drafting an "Action Memo to his supervisors, incorporating suggestions made by the FO during the meeting." This suggests the FBI may be interested not only in alleged leaks ~om Franklin to unauthorized recip~ents but in the possibility ofFranklin's feeding information from those officials back into the system, in an effort to influence US policy toward Iran. This raises the question of whether tqe government thinks the nature ofthe conspiracy was not only a matter of unauthorized leaks but also a coordinated effort by Franklin and perhaps his alleged coconspirators to shape the US policy environment in a kind of agent-of-influence scenario. The US Attorn.e-y-'.s.o..f.f.ic.e.-d-e-c.l-in"e-d.-to--c-o-m....m....e..n..t on the case. t:..':.v~~--:-'--". 'V.. _ ".,...--=::::::: -= ... pw , ::--••..• -RAP "'~ 4~~..~~Ji(rNdiion -has le~ed that among the ~o~uments the FBI ~1s. hiitS possessi~ii:isa~Fn:to I -·wntten by Rosen In 1983, soon after he JOined AIPAC, to hiS then-boss descnblng hi~. J ,liaving been informed about the contents ofa classified draft of a White House positionj , .~aper concerning the Middle East and telling his boss that their inside knowledge o(iti.~ f ',4raft might enable the group to influence the final document. The significance wou!d ~~em to be an effort by the FBIto establis~ a pattern ofRosen's accessing classifi~d· .r . i '!hformation to which he was not authorized, not just from Franklin but over_tnany -Y~ars. ''':R~~'s:~~~~~~~,~ecU~eg!~q. ~9.l~~~ent .9n,th~:a~I~!!~t~n~ --- ~-:- ~.'~. ..,' .. Sa..... 1lIL_~... ~.....;::r:tC...... ,__ .... __ .. .,.:..,'" .... Stephen Green, a Vermont state legislator and former UN official who in the-1980s pursued independent scholarship critical ofIsraeli-US relatiqns including by requesting thrpugh the Freedom ofInformation Act (FOIA) State Department documentation on counterintelligence probes, says the FBI's concerns about Rosen pre-date the September 2001 news leak incident. Green says in meetings with FBI investigators'last year, "I was told by investigators ~at his name has showed up in wiretaps more than '!nce over time,II o o Green told Th!! Nation. What's mort!, Green says, he believes the FBI considers Franklin only a little fish useful to getting Rosen. For,mer FBI attorney Harv~y Rishikof says that both theories, that this investigation is a~out leaking, or that it is motivated by graver counter- intelligence concerns, could be true. "They are not necessarily opposing theories,1I Rishikof told The Nation. IIIfyou are worried about counterintelligence.issues, and counterintelligelwe issues are also related to leak issues, so that individuals are using strategic leaks baSically for counterintelligence purposes, you then'link up the two threads...If you were the government, the leaks then become the method py which you are able to shut down what appears to be a counterintelligence problem." The full picture ofthe government's·case against Rosen will not emerge until an i~dictment is handed down, assuming there even is one. It is not even clear how he originally appeared on the FBI's radar screen. But ifprosecutors focus on Rosen's alleged long-term cultivation ofexecutive branch sources, who might have improperly shared with him privileged information about US national security deliberations, it's a twist on what we"understand·as a typical spy story, because such behavior, at l~ast in its unclassified form, is the very currency ofthe capital: Washington lobbyists cultivating inside sources and trading information with them to influence policy. Whether it was the FBI's intent~on or not, one result ofthe franklin!AlPAC investigation, along with the jailing ofMiller in the Wilson investigation, has been the fortressing ofthe executive branch; the danger is that this could enable t~e Bush Administration to shape policies with even less consultation from the public and Congress., ... .. .\ o ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/lsg ww w . b ~ ~ ret 1: • com. Last update - 09:42 09/08/200~ The $ilence of'the Jewish le~ders By Shmuel Rosner Last week, an indictment was issued agaiilst Steve Rosen and Keith· Weissman, two former AIPAC. employees.-They are c~arged'with passing claSsified security information, received~during their work at the Jewish lobQY, to various people, including employees ofthe Israel~ Embassy in Washington~ This charge sheet r~ises trou!,ling questions. But is this the whole ~torY?.Is·,this why Rosen-was under surveillance for six years? '. 'Commentators, reporters, legal expert~ .and va~ous organizations have already begun delving into the material. Lucy Dalglish,~ executive director· ofthe Reporters CQll)mittee for:F~eedom 'ofthe Pre~s, was.quoted in a sho~t"article in The New York Times as saying s~e was concerned ~bout-the chilling effect such an investigatipn will have on journalists. The same word was used by, Laura Rosen in T~e N'ation,-a radical left institution which cannot be accused of ip.stinctive sympathy f~r AlPAC, under '~he headlipe liThe Big Chill.II They both appear'to believe that the investigation serve~ the interests of the Bush administration, 1Vhi~h is stricter onJ~aks th.an its predecessors•. If one buys this explantion; the meaning is simple: Rosen and Weissman are the victims through ~hoin a message is being delivered. Anyone who tries to get information will have to .face.Fecieral·investigators~l;3ad news for media representatives, lobbyists an~ memqers ofresearch institutes. . They are still waiting. Jewish leaders are keeping silent·-- but not becau~e·they have nothing ,to say. On the co.ntrary, in private ,<,) -./ /-.. JLq(vJ05 GS\t...\lJ.~ ~)ll)-~ --~t -~l2: The investigation is also bad n~ws for the Jewish community. Dozens ofpeople, most ~fthem Jews, have already been questioned. rhere' were those who felt anger, particularly whel.1 asked questions such as, "Does AIPAC have dualloyalties?" or "Why do Jews actually have to act on'behalfofIsrael?" They'told their friends they were asked ' "strang~ questions." Som~ ofthem called one Jewish organization or another in order to ask, "Why-don't you say something? Why don't you make your voice heard?" ~' .. o conversations in the U.S. and'Jemsalem they have a great deal to say about the investigatiqn. For example: "The motives behind it are not pure. Even if I did not always like the organization [AlPAC], I don't ,feel comfortable with this inquiry;" or "The FBI's motives are antiSemitic. It is no coincidence that they made problems for [former ambassador to Israel] Martin Indyk because of a computer he took out ofthe office, apd [the former national security adviser] Sandy Berger about pocuments. They suspect all the Jews;" or "There is nothing to this affair. It is total nonsense. Someone decided to latch onto AIPAC to take them down a peg or two;" or "There are people who don't like the idea that an organization connected with Israel has so much Rower and influence. They anyway consiger the Jews' loyalty as questionable.. They are going to trY people for somethiJ:lg that is done . in Washington every day.." - This is how leaders on the right and left, Orthodox and Reform, heads ofcommunities and organizations put it. Dozens of conversations revealed almost identical opinions. It is amazing: In private .. conversations t)ley will talk, but in public they keep mum. No . persecution, no anti-Semitism and noexaggeratiqn. ", Jewish leaders believe that enmity toward Israel or toward Jews has made someone go crazy. But they remain quie~ because this enmity paralyses them. It leads Jews to wonder whether it is worthwhile to get involved in a public debate that will end in sensitive questionsof dual loyalty.Adepate that those who hate Israel would be happy to see and use to sow dou!>t and suspicion and to incite. The media and the Internet are already full ofstupid or b~d people who are eager to use the affair to lambast "the.JewishlIsraelilneo-Conservative lobby." Those who wish ~osen w~ll are prepared to e-mail anyone who requests it an article by Prot: Aaron Kirschenbaum, liThe Bystander's . Duty t~Rescue in Jewish Law." The charges against Rosen include using classified information in order to warn the Israeli embassy about Iranian agents who might abduct Israeli soldiers in Iraq. Is there any Jewish leader who would get informatiol) ofthis kind and keep silent? It's a difficult question. The answer cannot always be explained easily to the public. Therefore it is possible that the decision to remain silent makes sense from a tactical point ofview. Perhaps, as one ofthose who is keeping quiet told Haaretz, it is best to "let the legal au~oriti~s do their job" in the hope that the pair will be exonerated. Perhaps, as one expert lobbyist proposed, "There are tacit ways to deal with matters like this," or perhaps, "We have to wait until the facts ~e completely clear." Q Only it.wouid have ~~en tl)uch'easier tQ'beii~ve all.ofPtese explanations. ifthose ~ho:express them did..~ot already have firm opinioris apout t.he·iJivestjgation, without waiting:for ~he !'facts~' a~d without rely~ng oil !'theJegal'syst~in." Are~onable opinion, considering the fliiI!sy'nature ofthe ~harges. If I'm not mist~¢n~ ·it was law j>.rofesso~ AlaJ:l Dershowitz wlig~aid that"Jews in America are not "g~ests-in someone else's ho~se/ ·but their silenc'e about the·AIPAC· affair sometimes seems like the silence of~' guest. Even-if'ft i~ justified for'reasons o£caiit~QIi or etiquette, . even if ~t cmi be understood, it ~everlheless makes' o~e' feel- somewhat un.easY· ... ·~om€? ofthe .Jewis!l'leadets aQmit t9 this. ~ut onlY.in private.. lh,ase:n/obje~ts/pagesiPrintArticleen.jhtml~itemN~=610107 ~ . close win~~w· ..... - . - .. ... -L-.... _ ~ - •• __ ... -. ...... _ ....._n__ -. - ..... -- ---......... .... --'-''" _A_ _ .................. -. _... - - .........--. -' KRAMARSIC, BRETT M. (WF) (FBI) rI.,. Message ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS lTIJCLASSIFIED (!)TE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baW/SabJE)' Page 1 of4 8/22/2005 From: BRIDGES. TRACEY J. (WF) (FBI) Sent: Friday. August 12. 2005 8:09.AM To: PAULLlN.G. SCOTT M. (WF) (FBI); LOEFFERT. JANICE S. (WF) (FBI); ODONNELL. THOMAS J.. (NY) (FBI); PORATH. ROBERT J. (WF) (FBI); FORTIN. BRIAN G. (WF) (FBI); LURIE. ERIC S. (WF) (FBI); MARKLEY. JAMES S. (WF) (FBI); DOUGLA,S. STEPHANIE (WF) (FBI); MCDERMOTT. WILLIAM R. (WF) (FBI); KRAMARSIC. BRETT M. (WF) (FBI) Subject: FW: WpO l"iOO for you guys... Two Ex-AIPAC Staffers Indicted JewishTimes.com Ron Kampeas and Matthew E., Berger' August 11. 2005 'ALEXANDRIA, VA -- The indictment of two former officials of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee suggests that the government wants to prove ~n extensive pattern · of trading classified information. Paul McNulty, the U.S. attorney for eastern Virginia who handed down the indictment here Aug. 4, decisiyely counted out the pro-Israel lobby as a t?rJ.. target in the inqUiry. Still, the broad scope CSf the charges -- stretching back V more years and covering a broader array of U.S. and Israeli officials than was C2~AI/ previously known _. is sure to send a chill through Washington's lobbying U' · \,~ community. The indictment charge~ Steve Rosen, AIPAC's former policy \ director,.and Keith Weissman, its former Iran analyst, with "conspiracy to communicate national defense information to people not entitled to receive it," which carries a maximum sentence of 10 years in prison. Rosen is also charged with actual communication of national defense information, also punishable by 10 years in prison. The charges against the former AIPAC staffers do not rise to the level of espionage, which the defendants and their supporters had·feared. Weis~man and Rosen are expected to appe~r in an Alexandria, Va., federal court on Aug. 16. Attorneys for Rosen and Weissman expressed confidence that they would handily beat the charges. "The charge~ in the indictment announced today are entirely unjustified,~'said a statement from Rosen's attorney, Abbe Lowell. "For 23 years, Dr. S~eveRosen ha!fbeen a passionate advocate for America's national interests in the Middle East. He regrets that the 1'4 government has moved ahead with this indictmeot but looks forward to being" G - {~D...,,\iJF- ~~6%"-JJc../ ~~ 4Ltlv1~- Message o o Page 2 of4 . vindicated at tri~I." Weissman's lawyer, John Nassikas, said he looked forward to challenging th~ charges "vigorously in court." AIPAC announced last Friday that it had hir~d former Justice Department officials who now work-for Howrey LLP, a major Washington-based 'aw firm that consults with organizations engaged in lobbying, to r~view its lobbying practices. "The conduct of Rosen and Weissman was clearly not p~rt of their job," an AIPAC official said. "However, we made a decision that the events of the last year warranted an internal review 'of policies and procedures related to information collection and dissemination." "The goal is to ensure that nothing like this can ever happen again," the official said. Previously disclosed government documents have focused only on activity dating back to 2003. . . Those documents outlined interactions with only one midlevel government official, former Pentagon Iran analyst Larry Franklin, who has already b~en indicted ~in the case, and one Israeli diplomat, political officer Naor Gilon, who ended a three-ye'ar tour of duty in early August. The indictment lists charges invo·lving incidents dating-back to 1999, four years before the AIPAC staffers met Franklin. The charges are re.lated to information o~ °lran and terrorist attacks in Central Asia and Saudi Arabia that was allegedly exchanged with three U.S. government officials and three staffers at Israel's Embassy in Washington. A source close to the defense said pne of the U.S. officials involved, who has not been indicted, was rec~ntly appointed to a senior Bush administration post., The source, who asked not to be identified, wo.uld not name the official. The indictment for the first time acknowledges ttlat the 1:81 used Franklin in a sting operation against Rosen and Weissman. It includes five charges against Franklin in addition to thpse against the two former AIPAC staffers,! In indicting all three with "conspiracy to com.municate national defense inform~tion to persons not entitled to receive it," McNulty made it clear that the target was much broader: those in Washington who trade in classified information. "Those entrusted with safeguarding our nation's secrets must remain faithful to that trust," McNulty said. "Those not authorized to receive classified information must resist the temptation to acquire it, no matter what their motivation may be." The charges against the two former AIPAC staffers do not rise to the level of the crime committ~d by Jonathan Pollard, who plead guilty in 1986 to spying for Israel. Pollard plead guilty to a single count of conspiracy to ~eliver 'national defense information to aid a foreign government, which is punishable by life imprisonment. The indictment agail:Jst Ros_en and Weissman does not anywhere allege that Israeli officials ever solicited the information, nor does it say that Israel compensated them for the information. McNulty suggested he 8/22/2005 Mess~ge . O· o .Page 3 of4 1- would' argue~thafthe intent was critical. He'described Franklin, ·Ro.sen~n~ 'Weissmaf) as."individuals who put their own interests and. views of A.merican foreign policy af.lea~ of America's national security.1I Lowell, Rosen's, attorney, described the charges as a "misguided attempt to criminaliz~the ·public's right to pa.rttcipate in the politlcal·process." The ind~ctment includes' a'iaundry list of contacts Rosen and Weissman, had with U;~.governm~ntoffici~ls and Israeli Embassy officials. ,It notes that' Rosen had security clearance when he was an official at the Pentagon-allied . Rand Corporatio~ think tank in the late 1970s and early 1980s, apparently to underscore that Rosen would have known the implications of receiving classified Information. The in~ictment also ,'lists conversations 'Ro~en allegedly had with an Israeli. diplomat in 1999 ab9ut terrorist act~ in Central Asia that Rosen allege~ly described as "an extremely sensitive piece of intelligence." 'It does not name the official. Also outlined is aconversation that Weissman had in 1999 with the same official about a, 1996 attack on U.S. troops in Saudi ArabiCjl, in Yihich Weissman discu~sed what"he allegedly called a "secret .FBI, classified F_BI. report." In. 2000, the indictment alle"ges, Rosen relayed classified inform~tion from a U:S•.government official 'to' the.media. The information, according to the indic'tment, concerned U.S. sfrategy in the Mid~le East. hi 2002, Ro~en relay~d information about the terroris~ group AI·Qaida from 81l0ther ' . government official -- the official a defense source ~ays,was recently promoted to a senior gove-:-nment position •• to other AIPAC officials, the indictinent..alleges. In Mar~h 2003, Rosen and Weissman allege~ly r~~eived' classified informati~n from Franklin on U.S. policy on Iran and relayed"it to another IsraeU di~lomat. He also allegedly disclosed the information to a "senior fellow· at a Washington, D:~~, think tan~" and to the media, the indictment said. In ~uoe of the s"ame year, Franklin allegedly relayed to·Weissman 'and Rosen, classifi~d. information about Iranian activity ~n Iraq, newly occ,upied by a ~.S.:led force. By, July 2004', the indictment said, the gov.ernment,had: co-opted Franklin and used him to set up Weissman and Rosen in-a sting. In that operation, Franklin allegedly war~ed Weissman that Iranian a'gent~ planned to kidnap, torture and kill U.S. and Isra~li C!gent~ in northern·lraq. The indictment-alleges that Franklin made clear that the informa'tion was "highly classified.1I . According to well-placed sources, Weissman relayed this information to, Rosen, who relayed it to Gilon at the Israeli Embassy; Glenn Kessler, the State Departme~t correspon~,ent at The Wa~hington Post; and Howard Kohr, AIPAC's executive director, identified in the indictment as "another AIPAC employee." IYIcNulty made it cl.ear that neither AIPAC nor any .of its other. ...l_ _ ... _ ............ • 8/22/2005 Messalge o o Page 4 of4 emp~oyeeswere targets. "We have no ba.sis for charging anyone else for unlawful disclosure of classified information," he said. "And I might add also that AIPAC as an organization has expressed its concern on several occasions with the allegations against Rosen and Weissman, and, in fact, after we brought some of the evidence that we had to AIPAC's attention, it did the right thing by dismissing these two individuals." 4"l'!Ic~JH~~ !'9~ld_notcommen~.pnWJ1~tprol1)p~d_theJriitialj~~~!lg~~iQlflntQ .~ ~fi~AII?AC-.Q..ff!.cialS:Bu(~Q.~_rc~~..s~I.Q_s~:-:to~..jhe_de.f~n.sJ~_b_e.lie.v~JsraeILofficials.in) rWashington"wereDeing~monitoredJn401999.1AIPAC fired Rosen and Weissman ..this....pastApril;Eiigilfinonths after the EBI probe came to light. "AIPAC dismissed-Rosen and Weissman because they engaged in conduct that was not p·art of their jobs and because this conduct did not comport in any way with standards that AIPAC expects of its employees," spokesman Patrick Dorton told JTA on Aug. 4, repeating the group's previous position. "AIPAC could not condone or tolerate the conduct of the two employees under any circumstances. The organization does not seek, use or request anything but legallly obtained, appropriate information as part of its work." A source close to AIPAC said the group is not concerned that the indictment identifies two occasions •• in 2002 concerning the AI·Qaida information and in 2004 concerning the sting -- when Rosen allegedly shared information with AIPAC staffers. "There was no indication by Steve Rosen within AIPAC that he was" obtaining classified information, said the source, who asked not to be identified. AIPAC has already scaled back its lobbying of the executive bran.ch of government .- something the indictment pointedly notes was Rosen's expertise. Kohr, the group's executive director, has said that AIPAC is instituting changes in how it operates ~s·a rft!sult of the investigation, without providing details. Israeli officials have confirmed tQ JTA that the FBI is seeking an interview with Gilon. It is not clear if the FBI also wants to talk with the two other Israeli Embassy officials cited in the indictment; they are not named. "It's premature to comment on the substance of the affidavit since we've just received it,II an Israeli official said. "We're fu~ly confident in the professional conduct of our diplomats who fully cond~ctthemselves in accordance with diplomatic practice. We have seen no infQrmation that would suggest .anything to the contrary." The F:BI raided AIPAC's offices on Aug. 27, 2004, the first time the investigation was made public. One major question likely to come up during the trial is why the two U.S. government officials listed in the indictment as leaki~g the information are not facing trial. "They should be going after all the guys who gave the information,II said Malcolm Hoenlein, the executive vice president of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations. Soliciting classified information is hardly unusual in Washington, Hoenlein said. "Reporters do it every single day." 8/22/2005 ,\, ALL.INFORMATION CONTAINED ~ HEREIN IS mJCLASSIFIED O· \J DATE 0'7-29-2010 BY 60324 UC bS1j1/ .I1sq BEHIND THE HEADLINt;S New revelations in AIPAC case raise questions about FBI motives By Matthew E. Berger WASHINGTON, Aug. 18 (JTA)- New revelations in t.he ca'se against two former American Israel Public Affairs.Committee staffers raise questions about why FBI investigators ,have been focused on the pro-Israel lobby.. The New York Times reported Thursday that David Satterfield, the NO.2 man at the U.S. mission in Baghdad, was one of two government officials who allegedly gave classified information to Steve Rosen, AIPAC's former director of foreign 'policy issue~, but he wasn't named in the indictment handed down against Rosen and ~~ others earlier this month., Satterfield allegedly spoke with Rosen on several occasions· in 2002 - when Satterfield was th.e deputy assistant ~ecretary of state for.Near Eastern affairs - and shared classified information. At one point, Rosen allegedly relayed' the secret information in a memoranCJum to other~AIPAC staffers. Th~ fact that"Satterfield is not a t~rget of the case'and was allowed to take a s~nsitive position in Iraq has raised questions about the severity of the information allegedly given to AIPAC officials, as well a~ about the . g'overnment's motives for targeting Rosen and Keith·Weissman, a former AIPAC Iran analyst, neither of whom had classified access. rhe defendants and AIPAC supporters see the new revelations as evidence that federal pr9secutors are targeting the powerful pro-Israel lobby for simply conducting the normal Washington practice of trading sensitive information. Officials inside and outsi~e government privately acknowledge that classified information routinely changes hands among influential "people iii the foreign policy community and that the exchanges often are advantageous to diplomats. . "If, in fact, Satterfield passed on classified information. that other people should not have had, then they ~hould all be. guilty of the same thing,", said Malcolm HOEmlein, the executive vice chairman of the Gonference of f>residents of Major Americ!ln Jewish Qrganizat!ons. "The fact that Satterfield hasn't been' prosecuted suggests that's not the case." Rosen and Weissman both pleaded not gUilty Tuesday to a charge of conspiracy to communicate national ;defense information. Rosen also is charged with communicating national defense information to people not· entitled to receive it. • i Larry Franklin, aPentagon Iran analyst" has been c~arged with five similar counts, including conspi~acy to communicate classified information to a. foreign agent. Franklin, who also pleaded,not guilty, is accuse~,of passing. classified information to Rosen and Weissman from 2002 through last year~. Observers say the case is likely to create a chill among.lobbyists and others \ o who seek to gamer foreign-policy information from the government. o The second U.S. government official, who allegedly met with Rosen and Weissman in 2000, remains anonymous but reportedly has left government service. Their identification is seen as central to the government's case that the AIPAC staffers followed a pattern of seeking classified information and disseminating it to journalists and officials at the Israeli Embassy in Washington. A spokeswoman for Paul· McNUlty, the.U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia, would not qomment. Attorneys for Rosen and Weissman, who are collaborating on their defense, will likely use the same information to show that sharing documents and other information was normal practice between government officials and AIPAC. Leaders of other pro-Israel groups say State Department and other government aides handling the Middle East portfolio frequently share information. "When we discuss issues, it's an exchange. It's not one-sided." Hoenlein said. "What people forget is they benefit from these exchanges too" because they learn things from us." Those who have worked with Rosen say a,large part of his task was capturing sensitive material and that numerous government officials aided his pursuits over the years. (Tom·l?~ne;:(fC?~~e~~~if~~:.-~~e2~t!~.~re~!<!~ s~fC(~~t~~lt~~~~~!~i~~~fi~-~ ,-J98~,-rp_~Ql? ~tlortly after)Jo~l!lOg:th~~ro~lsrae~ lobby~ tie- [ecelv~d ,a_j ~classifi~d:revj(ivtotU&S~.policY.in.the:Middle.East;.J Dine, who recently left his post as president of Radio Free Europe to head the San Francisco Jewish federation, told the New York Jewish Week that he was shown the document by FBI investigators. "Everybody knew that Steve was quite capable of luring important information. which was exceedingly useful to the mission of the office,'''said Neal Sher, another former AIPAC executive director. "It was understood by the people in the organization, both professional and lay.... But they say Rosen's work mirrored what was being done throughout Washington. "The trafficking in sensitive information. some of which might have been classified, is the norm·in many instances," said Sheri a former federal prosecutor. "While ~ don't recall ever being specifically told that info they passed on to me was classified, I would not have been shocked if that was done." A spok~sman for AIPAC denied any wrongdoing by the organization. "AIPAC does not seek, use or request anything but legally obtained information as part of its work; Patrick Dorton said. "All AIPAC employees {'," ,~'. are ~xpect~d and requir~d to up,hold'this stand~ud."· Satterfl,eld is not co'n'sidereda subject of the government's probe, alJd 'he reporte~ly was cleare,d,by, th~'Jus,tice Department for his Iraq po~t. State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said he could not comment ,.o.n an'ongoi~g inv~s~igati6n. " . MI will say, though, that David:Satterfield is an outstanding public servant, he is a ~istinguished'Foreign Se'ryic;e officer and ~iplomat, and tha~ he.t1as w~rked on behalf of the American people fota"~4mber of years," McCormack said Tl1u~sday. . ~ State Departm~nt official said i,t was withiJ:tSatte~eld's portfolio to work 'with poli~y'groups'such ~s AlpAC. As.the.deputy assistant secretaryJor Near 'l;astern aff~irs, Satterjield led the State pep~rtmEmt group. de~l!ng with t~~· l~raeli·Palestinian conflict, as.well as other regional issues on AIPAC;s ' a~e~~a~ ., , '. Mit wasn't ou(of the'normal,at all:tor adep'utY assistant secretary, as he was, to ~e meeting with AlpAC on a regUlar ba~i~,1J saiCt the offi~i~I, who spoke on coraditionof anonymity. "Our offiqe trie~ to meet wit~'inter~sted people of all '~ro~ps, an~ it's su~posed to be.~1i in~orma!i(;mal.exchange." \. _ ._ ~.fIr ~ '._~ _ _ _ .... _ ...... --- c: , • .. .' ~MIDtItrIat~Y-11mI:ls I:.awrenee A. Franklin, center, with his lawyers, Plato ~c:heris,left, andJohn Hundleyin .Alexan,~va. alit~ r admitting yesterday that hehadpassed secret information 10pro--Israeli lobbyists and -.Israe=li~fficiai. ~ ... • . .~ I ·Pentag()n AnalystAdmitsSharingSeeretData ). . r 7 i By ERIC LICHTBLAU trat1oD's dealingswith Iran.. tivlties In Iraq ~doth~rtssues. • : ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 5 - A Someof the morebawklshofficials' Mr; Frank~ said!Ieassumed that *nior Defense Department aJJalyst ID theadmlnlstratlon have pushed such ~dblts \\tere lilireatdy knoWD to ~dmltted Wednesday .that ,he sbared for a barder line In confronting lrm Israe~and he ~ld that the Israeli of. secret military Information wld1 two about its nuclear ambitions, but the flclal gave Il\~far mco~ information gra-Israell lobbyists and an Israeli ~mlnlstration has been deeplyen- than I gavehltll.!' dfflcialln an effort to create a""ack. Vlded about how to -engage with the Prosecutors said Mr. FrankllB channel" to the Bush administration • country. knew that th~ classtm~ information on Middle Eastpolley. Mr. Franklin worked for a time as he shared "cc)uld be \lSf:d to the inju.- : The analyst, Lawrence A. Frank· a senior analyst on Iran under Doug. ry of the Untted Stalte$ or to the ad- • lin, pleaded guilty In federal court las Feith. a former under se~retary vantage of aforeign. nation.... But Mr. Jiere to three criminal cOunts for 1m.. at the Pentagon. Mr. Franklin said D1 Franklin Sald, flit wra$ never my inp'r0P. erly retaining and disclosing court that he believed the Alpac lo~ tent to harm the Uniteet States"" clas$ified information, :and he gave byfsts had ac¢e~ and influence at He said !\e did IliOt even consider the first account of his. motives and the National Security Counell, which one of the clocuments cited by pros.. thinking in establishing secret Uai- coordinates policy_ Issues for the ecutors to have·been classlfled but sOns with people outside the govern- president and was deeply involved in when he started to discuss the docu. ll1ellt. - setting the administration's course ment In o~n court - referring to a I The offenses carry a maximum of on Iran. :. one-page tax witb t\ "list of mur.. i; years In prison, but as part of a He said he hoped the lobbyists ders," aPparently in Iran - lawyers pies' agreement, prosecutors are ex- could help Influence polley by pass- from both Sides jumPed up to cuthim pected_to recommend leniency for lng on information that he knew was off. The jUdge, T. S. Ellis agreed at Mr.-Franklin in return for his (ooper· classified. "I asked th.em to use theIr the ur~1ng of proseeutor; to put Mr. ation in a continuing investigation In contacts to g.et thIS lnfor~atlon Franklm's reference to the list under • the January trial of the two lobbyists.· backchannels' to people at the sealln the court record. Steven J. Rosen and Keith Weiss:.. N.S.C.:'hesaid. Mr. FrlUlklln will lose his govern. man. . Mr. Franklin was also applying for ment penSion, but his wife will be ala The lobbyists were dismissed last a position at the N.S.C. in early 2003 lowed to keep her surVivor'S benefits year by the American ISn:lel Public:: and asked Mr. Rosen to "put in a from the government in the deal off,.. Affairs Committee. 'or Aipac, arter good word" for him, according to a elals said. ' the investigation becamepublic. filing on Wednesday by proseOltors Mr. Franklin bas been financially Mr. Franklin, 58. 'said in enterlng as part of the plea agreement. Mr. struggling since his arrest last year his guilty pleas that he had shared Rosen sai~, "Til see what I can do." and he told the Court he bas bee~ with the lobbyists Umy frustrations In addition to his contacts \\i.tb the working as a waiter and bartender at ~ with a particular policy'· during re- lo~byists. Mr. Franklin admitted a pUb, and as a Vtdet at a racetrack peated meetings from 2.002 to 2004. mteting Wilh an official with the Is- and has also been teaching course: He did not divulge the particular pol- raeH Embassy and passing oJ). classi-. on Asian history and terrorism a icy. but officials i.n the case,said he tied information regarding weapons Shepherd University near his hom was referring to the Bl1Sh admi!lis- .teslS in the Middle East, militar,Y ae'!. in West Virginia. 'j lSJ ~lJJ -ac ~e, err. elf. 811 10 su~ i, -P I THE WASHINGTON POST ALL INFonMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/1sg Ii NATIONAL NEWS: I~~~~~:f'~~~~~~~ , Defense An~yst Guilty in IsraeliEspion~eCase-, .eel the Oct: ,9 1 the Denver 101 foolbaU box Oct. 1:Sporls eelly identified Park ~Id=, ted'three eXtra ,eams 21-7 Vie> rar-Field. His Pu!dy.. Irticleaboutan 1 Isllinbul, del1' om there· in specify the nathe ~ctims. were of Gieelc they 3]80'; in~ ic Armenians I~'marly ~ ns ' " t -. i Metro article ~ coming. to )J' the Sept.'24 . 1 against the scribedPaltice ~ Olathe, Kan., otesler. Cuddy lled in. three lies aglinstthe Qbington and 1fIc:' I errors that , tactlngtM , =ion.f@ , iOOO,'and ask • 'ForeIgn, ., Iysections. In '582. BYJElUl.YMumN' eralinvestiption. Washinp" Po8C StaJfWrittr Legal expeitS ca1ted the plea a major develo~t ili the long-r:unning A Defense Department analyst iJM;9tigaliolfOf.whether U.s.'secrets pl~~ed guilty~tQ passing were pasSeditO the Istaeli governgovernment secrets to two employees nient. FrankliD. said he disclosed da&.. • of aprooIsraellobbying group and reo sifted data to two fonner employeesof vealed for· the first lime that he also the American, Israel Public Affairs gave classified infonnation direclIy to Committee. Those empIoyees: Steven· anlsraeligovernmentofficialinWash- J, Rosen and·:Keith WeisSman, have , ington. beenclwged,inwhatprosecutorssaid . Lawrence A. Franklin ,told a judge was a broad conspiracY to obtain and in u.s. District Court in Alexandria i1legaIIy pass:"c1assified infonnation to tliat he met at least eight limes with foreign offi~ and newsreporters. Naor Giloo,'who was the Political ofti.. Franklin· probably wiD become the . eel' at the IsraeU Embassy before be- ..,-.cu.-IMI_rost star witness ag2instRosen and Wei8&- ing reca1Ied last swnmer. Lawrence Fraillelln, left, with attorney man. "'Ibis is not good news for the The guilty plea and Fran1din's Ie> ~ohn Richards; after pleading guilty to other defendants or for AIPAC~"-said count appeired to cast doubt on lOng." glvl~g classified Informallon to israeL Michael GreeDberger, a: former 111&0 stanepng denials bY IsraeH officials tice ~t official who heads that they engage in any intelligence Franklinentered his plea, he disclosed' the Center'fciHealth and Homeland activities in" the United States. The that some of the material he gave the SeCurity at t& University of,MarypOSst'biJity of continued Israeli spying lobbyistsie1ated toIran. Hisattorneys 'land.:" , in 'Washington has been a sensitive stopped him from speaking furtheI; -' Prosecutors have said they have no subject between the tWogovernments' and prosecutors immediately accused .immediate plaDs to ;charge anyone \ since Jonathan J. Pollard, aUS. Navy Franklin of revealing classified in- else, but Franklin's cooperati~ could intelligence analyst; ~tted to spy- fonnation in court.. . change that, said Preston Burlo~ a ing for Israel in'1987 and was sen- Franklin said, he .passed the in- Washington defense 1aw)oerwith long tenced to life in prisOn. fonnation becausehe was "frustrated" experience inespionage cases. " ~ David Siegel, a spokesman for the with the direction of US. poliCy and' "Espionage debtiefings are exhaua- Israeli Embassy, said Israeli ,officials th~t he could influence it by hay.. live and meticulous: 'said Burton, have been approached by US; in-" ing'themrelaythedatathrough"back whoisafonner lawpartnerofaFrankvestiptors and are cooperating. "We channels" to officials on the,National lin attorney, Plato Cacheris, but isnot have fun confidence in our diplomats, • Security'Council Hesaid he never in- involVedin theFranklin case. who 'are dedicated professionals"who tended to hann. the United- States, AlsO uncertain is how yesterday's conduct themselves in fun accordance "notevenforasecond," andthathe reo developmentswill affect U.s. tieswith with estabUshed diplomatic prae> ceived far more information from Gi- Israel, The ~has complicated relatices," Siegelsaid.' Ion than he'gave.."1 knew inmyheart tiona between the two counbies: Court documents filed along with that his govenunent already had the' wJiich are' close aBies, and angered Franklin's pleasaid heprovided,~ informatiOD," he said. 'manysupporlersofthe AmericanISrafied data - including infonnation . Franklin. 58, a~on Iran, elcommittee.whichis considered one about a Middle Eastem·eountry's Ie> pleaded guilty to twO conspiracy of Washington's JqOSt iDfluentiiJ.lob- ' tivities in lJaqand weapons tests con- ,coUnts and a third charge"of P9S8«t' byingorganizations. dueled by a foreign countty - to an sing classified documents: As part,of; " . GiIOnis a career Israelif~ set'- W1JIa111ed"foreign officia1." the plea a;reement, ,Franklin has' vice offiCer who spent three years in The countrywas not named, but as agreed to cooperate'in the larger fed-' Washinitonfocusingonweapons pro- Iiferation issues. His, recaD to Israel Was Unrelated to the investigation: Siegel said, and he is awaiting a neW foreign posting. ·One of Rosen's a~eys, AbbQ LoweD, said Fr3nk1in's plea "has nQ impact on our case because agoverni ment employee's actions in dealing with classified information is simpbt not the same as a pri~te person, whether that person is a reporter or a ~~~" I Rosen, 63, of Silver Spring, is charged with twocounts related to un-: lawful disclosure of national delenlM= inforination obtained from Frank1in andother unidentified government officials since 1999 on topics incIumng .Iran. Saudi Arabia' and at Qaeda. Rosen was the American Israel commit~ 'tee's director offo. policy issuQ and was iristnimeri.ta1 in making th~ committee a fonnidable politic3l force. ' weissman. 53. of, Bethesda, faces one count 'of ~cy to illega1lx communicate national defense infort matiGn. His attorneys did not return calls late last night. American Israel· Public Affaita Committee officials det dinedcomment. ! Franklin pleaded guilty.to two coun~ of conSPiring to communicalc: secret infonnation and a third Chargtt of keeping numerous classified documents at his West VIrginia home. H~ said he took the documents home to ,keep up hiS expertise and prepare for "point..,1aDkquestiona" from his~ es",including Defense secretary Don; aIdH. Rwrisfeld. 1 1heDefense Department suspend, ed Pran1din, who said in court that he .works as a waiter and bartender and at a racetraclc. He faces up to 25 years in prison at his sentencingIan, 20. . I o ·0. O · ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED '0-~ HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED - DATE 07-29-2010 BY 603~4 uc baw/sab/lsg Kramarsic, Brett M. From: Strzok, Reter P. II Sent: Friday, October 07, 2005 7:48 A"" To: Porath, Robert J.; Kramarsic, Brett M. Did you see this 0!1 JTA? Need to start calling-Reilly "That's Classifjed!" instead. Fonner Pentagon man pleads guilty, will testify against ex-AlPAC officials By Ron Kampeas ~~f'ANDRIA, Va., Oct 6 (JTA) - Lawrence Franklin's pleabargain p~edge to cooperate with the U.S. government in its case against two former AIPAC officials was"put to the test as soon as itwas made. "It was unclassified and it is unclassified," Franklin,'a former Pentagon analyst, in~isted in court Wednesday, describing a document that the government maintains is classified. The document is central to one of the conspiracy charges against Steve Rosen, the fonner foreign policy chiefofthe American Israel Public Affairs Committee.. Guilty p~eas usually are remorseful, sedate ~airs. But Franklin appeared defiant and agitated Wednesday.as he pleaded guilty as part ofa deal that may leave him with a reduced sentence and part ofhis government pension. Franklin's prickliness c,ould prove another setback for the U.S., gove~ment in a case that the presiding judge already has suggested could be dismissed because of questions about access to evidence.. Franklin',s performance unsettled prosecutors, who will-attempt to prove that Rosen and Keith WeJssman, AIPAC's former Iran analyst, conspired with Franklin to communicate secret information. The case goes to trial Jan. 2. The argument over tlie faxed document furnished the most dramatic en~unterWednesday~ "It was a list ofmurders," Franklin began to explain to U.S. District Judge T.S. Ellis when Thomas Reilly, a youthful, red-headed lawyer from the Justice Department, leapt from his seat, shouting, "Your Honor, that's classified!" ·Ellis agreed to seal that portion ofthe hearing. JTA has learned that the fax was a list ofterrorist incidents believed to have been backed by Iran.. - -I0/11/2005 .." P~ge 1 of~' G9Q.....\i)f- '9aG~\5'-Alei~~~ ,.-?~~ .. '\l o There were other elements ofFranklin's plea that suggest-he is not ready to cooperate to th~ fullest extent. The governn:te~t says Franklin leaked information to the AlPAC employe~s because he thought it could advance his career, but franklin says his motivation was "frustration with policy" on Iran at the Pentagon.. o Page20f4 Franklin said he believed Rosen and Weissman were better connected than he and would be able to relay his concerns to officials at the White House'sNational Security Council. He did not explicitly mention in court that Iran was his concern. But ITA has learned that Franklin thought his superiors a~ the Pentagon were overly distracted by the Iraq war in 2003 - when he established contact with Rosen and Weissman - and weren't paying enough attentio~ to Iran. The penal code criminalizes relaying,information that "could be used tothe injury ofthe United States or to the advantage ofany foreign nation.." Franklin's testimony would not be much use to the prosecution if he believed Rosen and Weissman simply were relaying information from the Pentagon to the White House, sources close to the defense of Rosen and Weissman said. "I was convinced they would relay this information back-channel to friends on the NSC," he said. In any case, the section ofthe penal code that deals with civilians who obtain and relay classified information rarely, if ever, has been used in a prosecution, partly because it lUDS up against First Amendment protections for journalists and lobbyists, who frequently deal with secrets. . Aspokesman for Abbe Lowell, Rosen's lawyer, said Franklin's guilty plea "has no impact on our case because a government employee's actions in dealing with classified-information is simply riot the same as a private person, whether that person is ~ reporter or a lobbyist." The essence. of,Franklin?s guilty pl~a seemed to ~e only that he knew the recipients were unauthorized to receive the infonnation. Beyond , that, he insisted, he had no criminal intent. Admitting guilt to another charge, relaying information.t9 Naor Oilon, the chief political officer at the Israeli Embassy in Washington, Franklin said that he wasn't giving away anything that the Israeli didn't already know.. "I knew in my heart tl,at his government had this i~fonnation," Franklin said. "He gave me far more infonnation than I gave him." Franklin turned prosecutors' heads when he named Gilon, the first 1011112005 - 'jI >J • o 0 public conflnnatlon that the foreign countrY hi~ted at in in~ictments is Israel. Indictments refer to a "foreign official." -The suggestion'that Franklin was mining Oilon for information;1 and not the other way around, turns on its head the hype around the case when it first was revealed in late August 2004, after the FBI raided AIPAC's offices. At the time, CBS desciibed Franklin, as an "Israeli spy." Asked about his clien~' s outburs~ Franklin~s lawyer, Plato Cacheris, said only that it was "gratuitous." , . But Franklin's claim reinforced an argument put forward by Israelthat Oilon was not soliciting anythi!1g untoward in the eight or nine meetings he had with Franklin beginning in 2002., "We have full confidence in our diplomats, Who are dedicated professionals and conduct themselves in accordance with established diplomatic practice," said David Siegel, an embassy spokesman. "Israel is a close ally ofthe l.lnited States, and we exchange information on a formalized ,baSis on these issues. There would be no reason for any wron~doing on the part ofour ~iplomats .." I Franklin also p~eaded guilty to removing classified docum~~ts from the ~uthoriz~d area, which encompasses Maryland, Virginia and' Washington, when he brought material to his home in West Virginia. He sC?unded.another defeQsive note in explaining the circumstances: He brought the material home on June 30, 2004, .he said, to bone up for the sort oftough questions he Qften fac;e4 from Defense Secre~ Donald Rumsfeld and Ru~sfeld's then-~eputy, Paul Wolfowitz. Franklin, who has five children and an ill wife, said he is in dire circumstances, parking cars at a horse-race track, waiting tables and tending bar t~) make ends meet. Keeping part ofhis government pension for his Wife was key to Franklin's agreement to plead guiltY, Cacheris told ITA. Frankl~n ple~ded guilty to $ree different charges, one I!aving to. do with his alleged dealings with the fonner AIPAC offiCials; one having to dq with Oilon; and,one for taking classifie~ documents home.. .The language ofthe plea agreement s~ggests that the government will argue f9r a soft sentence, agreeing to Franklin's preferred minimumsecurity faci~ity and allowing for, concurrent sentencing. But itconditions iis recommendatio!1s'~n Franklin being "reasonably available for debriefing and pre-trial conferences." . The prosecution aSked for sentencing to be PostpoI;led until Jan. 20, . _more th~ two wee~s' ~fter the trial against Rose~ and Weissman ' - > 10/l1/2005· Page 30[4 ,0 i begins, 'suggesting that gov~rnment leniency w~ll be proportional to Franklin's performance. Franklin is a star witness, but be's not all the g9vernment bas up its sleeve. The charges against Rosen and Weissman, apparently based on wiretapped conversations, allege that the two former AIPAC staffers shared classified information with fellow AlPAC staffers, the media and foreign government officials. Two other U.S~ go-v,emment officials who allegedly supplied Rosen and Weissman with information have not been ~~arged. They are David Satterfield, then deputy assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern affairs and now the No.. 2 man at the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, and Kenneth Pollack, a Clinton-era National Security Council staffer who is.now an analyst at tbe Brookings Institution.. The problem with the wiretap evidence lies in the government's refusaI to share much ofit or even to say exactly how much it bas.. In a recent filing, the government said that even the qqantity ofthe material should remain classified.. In a Sept. 19 hearing, Ellis suggested to prosecutor Kevin DiGregori that his (ailure to share the defendants' wiretapped conversations with the defense team could lead to the case being dismissed. '~I am having a hard time, Mr.. DiGregori, getting over the fact that the defendants can't hear their own statements, and whether that is so ' fun<lamental that if it doesn't happen, this case wilfhav€? to be dismissed,u Ellis said. DiGregori said the government might indeed prefer to see the case dismissed rather than tum over the material.. AlpAC fired Rosen and Weissman in April but is paying for their defense because of provisions in its bylaws.. AlPAC bad no comment, nor did lawye~ for Weissman.. 10111/2005 o Page 4 of4 ALL INFOP.HATION CONTAINED tr\HEREIN IS mrCLASSIFIED ~ \ ~DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/s~sg ~ iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiL-__""'-- _ """';F=-w--:";';[F=-w..oo:d~:_L:-e--x-:-is':":N:""""ex-:is~(~R~>'E=-m-a-:i~1R=-e-q-ue-s-:-t~(":"::18::::2:-=2-::::6~59~1:-::3=75:::7~)]=----------1.. (Ia I hridalt 'lallban5 2005 11"33 AM Subject: From: Sent: To: Sent from my BlackBerry Wireless Handheld b6 b7C b7E -----Original Message----Fr01. I To: . Sent-:--=S-at~.~O=-c-:'t-. "::'1"'='5--:::-08~:3~4:-:-=5~4~20~0=-:5=--------- Subject: [Fwd: LexisNexis(R) Email Request ~1822:65913757}) Copyright 2005 The New Republic, LLC The New Republic October 10, 2005 S~CTION: Pg-. 13 LENGTH: 2968 words HEAD~INE: Low Clearance BYLINE: by e~i lake HIGHLIGHT: Troub~e tor journalists. BODY: Eli Lake is a reporter for The New York Sun. In January '2006, a court in Northern Virginia w~ll hear a case in which, for the first time, the federal government has charged two pr~vate citizens with leaking state secrets. CBS News first reported the highly classif~ed investigation that led to this prosecution on the eve of the Republican National Convention. on August 27" 2004, Lesley Stahl told her viewers, that" in a II full-fledged espionage invest,j.gation," the FBI would soon ";'011 up" a "suspected mole" who had funneled Pentagon policy deliberations concerning I~an to Israel. At-the heart of the probe, CBS said, was one of Washington's most powerful lobbying g~oups, the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (aipac). With~n th~ee days, the lobbyists involved were ,j.dentified as aipac's directo~ of ,foreign policy, Steve Rosen, andap Iran specialist named Keith Weissman; the mole was outed as Lawrence Franklin, an Iran analyst-at the Detense Pep~rtment. But weeks and then months passed, and the~e were no arrests. Franklin, after initially ~ being put on leave (and taking a job parking ca~s at a nearby restaurant), returned \Q b~ief~y to his desk at the Pentagon; and, unti~ April, Rosen and Weissman were still :~~ writing memos, meeting journalists and government officials, and going about their daily \~~. business at aipac. When the indictments from the federal government finally came down this summer, none ot these men were charged with spying. ~\~ ~nstead, all t~hree were indicted for conspiring "to communicate national defense . /~t' informat~on ... (to] persons not entitled to receive it. II To t_he lay reader, that. may '1 '\ simply sound like espionage-lite. After all, some of ~he people not entitled to receive 1 0SQ,\))~- g.g.G~\5-~c... <e'L~~ \ ~ the national defense informJ::ln in this case were ISraeli d~rnats. But, in fact, a Q prosecution of this kind is unprecedented~ Far from alleging the two aipac o!ficials were foreign agents, u.s. Attorney Paul McNulty is contending that the lobbyists are legally no different than the government officials they lobbied, holding Rosen and Weissman to the same rules ~or protecting $ecrets as Franklin or any other bureaucrat with a security clearance. The indictment even says that, because Rosen long ago held a security clearance wben he worked as an analyst for the rand Corporation, he was duty-bound to protect any classified information be came across after the clearance expired--on JUly 6, 1982. "steve Rosen and Keith Weissman repeatedly sought and received sensitive information, both classified and unclassified, and then passed i~ on to others in order to advance their policy agenda and professional standing," the u.s. attorney said at a press conference announcing th~ indictment. aut, if itls illegal for Rosen and Weissman to seek and receive "classified ,informat.ion, It t.hen many invE}stigative journalists a~e also .crimi.nals--not. to mention ~ormer government. officials who w~ite for scholarly journals or t.he scor;es of men and women who petition the federal government on defense' and foreign policy. In fact, the leaking o~ classified information is routipe in Washington, where such data is traded as a kind of currency. And, while most administrations have tried to crack down on leaks; they have almost always shied away from going after those who rece~ve tbem--until now. At a time when a growing amount o~ information is being classified, the pr;osecution of Rosen and Weissman-threatens to have a cbilling effect-~not on the ability of fore~gn agents to ~n~luence U.S. policy, but on the ability of the American public to understand it. Since tbe inception of tbe national security state, tbe ~ntelligence commun~ty has worried that ou~ free press is a security risk. In an ~nterview in 1954 with U.S. News and World Report, under the headline "we tell the russians too much," CIA Director Allen Dulles remarked, fIr would give a good deal if I could know as much about the Soviet Union as the Soviet Union can lear;n about us merely by reading the p~ess." Nonetheless, the federal governmen~ has tradit~onally resp~cted an implicit First Amendment right of publishers and private citizens to determine the public's right to know about national security~ Without journalists' ability to disclose secret information, the executive branch would be the sole' arbiter of what information the public could have about its government's foreign policy. . And, when the public. j.,s kept. ,in the aa~k, it! s hard to combat excesses. For example, it.' s unlikely tbat the Pentagon would have taken steps to correct abuses in its detention facilities had "60 Minutes II" not obtained photographs of naked prisoners stacked in a pyramid at Abu Ghraib. Had u.s. law been similar to the British Official Secrets Act, which gives 10 Downing Street the autbority to prosecute journalists fo~ disclosing classified materia~, itls unlikely the pUblic. would know about the network of contractors responsible .for t,be rendition of terrorists to nations t.bat.. tor~ure prisoners or the internal debates within the Bush administration ~egarding the application of the Geneva Convention. To be sure, the~e are cases in which the press could do great harm to national security, sucn as publishing the details of how we keep $u~ve~llance on our enemies. But, as any reporter who cove~s these matters will tell you, most of the timejou~nalists negotiate an agreement.--without. the threat of prosecu~ion--on how to report. $ensitive material in a way that minimizes harm to intelligence-gathering and military operations. "We've al~ held back information when a responsible government official makes a compelling case that it.'.s 90in9 to cause some damage," says Newsweek reporte~ Michael Isikoff.' And, wbile every administration has ~ade internal efforts to go afte~ leakers, criminal prosecutions have been extremely rare~ In the two major anti-leaking cases invo~ving classified secrets brought in the last 35 years, both leaker~ were prosecuted for slipping government proper;ty to reporters. In the case of Daniel Ellsberg, it was a classified history of the deliberations of three adm~nistrations regarding Vietnam known as the Pentagon Papers; jn the case of Samuel Mo~ison (the only succes$ful ant~-~eaking prosecution)" it was classified aerial photograph$ of a Soviet. naval aircraft carrier, which he provided to Jane's Defence Weekly. No one has ever been prosecuted--as Rosen and Weissman currently are--tor conveying national security info~mation orally, with no documents involved. - Steve Pomerantz, the former chief of counterterrortsm fo~ the FBI, says that his division--which, in the early I~OS, also investigated classified disclosure cases--never got very !ar in their inve$tigations. "I! you look at this as a conspiracy, then there are two part.ies:, t.he le~ker and the reporter," he says. 2 '. I "As a matter of practice, wJC:lver wen~ near the reporters'''<:)ustom ~hat Pomerantz q contends m~de .it. nearly impossible to catch the leakers. III never remember .in my time a successful prosecution of a leak case," ~e says. But, ~n recent years, there has been mounting pressure from both federal officials and Congress to end this custom. The reason is articles like one pUblished by The Washington Times on August 21, 1998. The story was a profile of Osama bin Laden, following President Clinton's missile strikes on the Al Shita chemicals factory in Khartoum and a training compound in Afghanistan. Near the bottom of the dispatch, reporter Martin Sieff wrote that bin Laden IIkeeps in touch with the world- via computers and satellite phones. II Th.is may sound like an innocuous detail, but, according to the 9/11 Commission' Report, Al Qaeda1s leadership stopped using thei~ satellite phones almost immediately after the sto~y was published, thus eliminating the possibility of us.ing satellite signals to ~ocate and assassinate them. As forme~ Clinton National Security Council officials steve Simon and Daniel Benjamin wrote in thei~ book, The Age of Sacred 1e~ror, IIWhen bin Laden stopped using the phone and let his aides do the calling, the United states lost its b~st change to fi.nd him. II Troubled by t.he Times report. and ot.her similar incidents, Senator Richard Shelby attempted to change the nation1s espionage laws in 4000, when he was the chairman of the Senate Select. Committee on Intelligence., Shelby wanted to expand the category of lI.national. defense informationII to include anything from classified diplomatic discussions to more technical ~ntelligence. President Clinton vetoed the original version of the Intelligence Authorization Act in order to block tbe Sbelby proposal. Pentagon spokesman Kenneth Bacon said at. t.he time that. the Shelby measure would be IIdisastrous for journalists. II The .next year, with a new administration in the White House, Shelby again tried to change the espionage law, but eventually dropped the idea after ~ttorney General Jobn Ashcroft promised, as he put. .it i..n a letter to Congress on October 15, 2002, to· review t.he IIcurrent. protections against. t.he unauthorized disclosu~e of classified mater~al.1I It. is from this review that the seeds ot the Rosen and We~ssman indictment were $own. Beginn~ng in 2001, after the September 11 attacks, a group of top intelligence professionals began examining the legal authority to go after leakers. The review, commissioned by Ashcroft, ultimately concluded that, the current espionage law was adequate. But,'at the same time, Ashcroft implemented a policy of aggressively target~ng anonymous sources who show up in newspapers tout~ng national secrets. As he wrote to . Congress in 2002, the fact IIthat only a single non~espionage case of an unauthorized disclosure of classified ,i.nfox:mation has been prosecuted in over .50 years provides co~pelling justif~cation that. ~undamenta~ improvements a~e necessary and we must entertain new approaches to deter, identify, and pun~sh those who engage in the practice of unaut.horized di$closures of classified ,information." Ironical~y, Shelby himself was among the first. snared in the Just~ce Depart.ment's new anti-leaking dragnet. In the summer of 2004, the FBI recommended that the Senate Ethics Commit.tee investigate Shelby for leaking two Nationa! Security Agency (NSA) intercepts received befo~e the Septembe~ 11 attacks to ro~ News and CNN in 2002. These were t.he famous messages t.hat. warned" liThe match begins tomorrow" and "Tomorrow is zero hour." But. the senator from Alabama was not tbe only one. According to a government source, the Pentagon1s National Criminal Investigative divis.j.on began probes in 2002--with FBI guidance--to determine who leaked secret war plans to The New York Times and The Washington Post in June 2002. At. the State Department, diplomatic. security launched an investigation into David Wurmser, an aide to John Bolton, for leaking a letter from Secretary of State Colin Powell to t.he Pentagon objecting to the Syria .Accountability Act. The lette~ ended up being t.he basis for a story in The Jerusalem Post. And the White House knows all too well the problems it faces from spec~al prosecutor ~atrick Fitzgera1d, who has yet to bring charges against the off~cial who told journalist Robert Novak that Valerie Plame was a CIA office~. Fitzgerald has already sent New York Times reporter Judith Miller to jail for not. revealing he~ source for a story about.Plame t.hat she never ended up writing'- But McNultyls nove~ prosecution of Rosen and Weissman in many ways provides the legal test case for Ashcroft.'s new get-tough policy. From the indictment, ~t. appears that. t.he two aipac. officials came to the attention of the fBI at least as far back as 1999, wh~n both lobbyists showed up in ~nte~cepted phone conversat~ons and meetings with .Israeli embassy officials. ' The FBI has never said pUblicly why it began monitoring the 10bby~stsl act~v~ties, but the reason may have to do with the hunt to~ an Israeli sPY code-named 3 And, al;guably, the ,abilit;y of the press to ,seek out. and publish classified information is more important. now than ever before. Last. year, t.he National Archives Information Security Oversight Office, which tracks the prolifera~ion of classified information, said that government'agen~ies reported lS,64~,237 decisions to classify material, a 10 percen~ increase from the yea~ before. I~'s hard to believe that ~he Justice Departmen~ or the FBI can or should protect that many secrets. There are .those who argue tha; t~e war o~ terroris~ pecessitates more secrecy than past 4 ~ conflicts. Representative pe<::>>>oekstra, the chai~an of the C:>se Select Committee on ~ Intelligence, says he is so concerned about recent leaks that he plans to hold hearings, beginning thls month, on whethe~ ~~IS necessary to revise the espionage statute to give the Justice Department mo~e authority to prosecute leakers. 'But Hoek$tra also ~ants' to revise t_he way information is classified to curb what. he calls "excessive overclassification." Until that happens, leaks arguably serve a vital functio~ jn U.s. democracy--helping to ensure that the pUblic can make informed decisions about national security policy. A~ Max Frankel, the former executive editor of The New York Times, put it .in 1971, during the Ni.xon administration I s case against_ t.be paper for p;inting the ·Pentagon Papers, II [Pl ractically everythi_ng t_hat our Government. does, plans, thinks, hears and contemplates jn the realms o{ foreign policy is $tamped and treated as secret--and then unraveled by that same Government,· by the Cong;ess and by the' press in ope continuing round of professional and social contacts and cooperative and competitive exchanges of information." The question--to be decided by a Virginia jury next year--is whether that unravel~ng will ~ontinue any longer. LOAD-DATE: September 29" 2005 5 f • I ALL FBI INFORHATION CO~rrAINED ~IN IS UNCLASSIFIED ~ \ajl'E 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baW/sabl\ill I From: Sent: To: Subject: Media Advisory - U.S. v. Franklin Attachments: 0155.pdf .Page I oft January 20, 2006 Media Advisory United States v. Franklin b6 b7C A $10,000 fine imposed this morning on Lawrence Franklin at his sentencing hearing has been vacated because ' he had previously agreed to forfeit his government pension, according to an order Issued this afternoon by U.S. District JUdge T.S. Ellis,-III, in Alexandria, Virginia. A copy of the order is ~ttached. The other aspects of the sentence imposed this morning by Judge Ellis on'Mr. Franklin - 151 months in prison an~ three years of supervised release - remain in effect. He will begin serving the sentence on a date to be determined, after he coope.rates with prosecutors. He remains free on an unsecured bond of $109,000. Mr. Franklin, a former employee of the U.S. Department of Defense, was sentenced in U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia after pleading gUilty on October 5 to three charges: conspiracy to communicate national defense information, conspiracy to communicate classified information to an agent of a foreign government, and'unlawful retention of national defense information. If you have questions about this media advlso lease contact officer, a - - 1/20/2006 the court's public information ... ALL INFORllATION CONTAINED ~REIN IS UNCLASSIFIED n ~ATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/s~g Page 1 of2 -==~I;;=====~I-----------------------b-6-- From: b7C ~:~t: IFridav ,'annaN 20 2006 2·57 pM Subject: JPost Mjtiia'2% Wi ONLINE EDITION JERUSALEM POST Israel: Franklin's trial won't aUeet us Nathan Guttman, THE JERUSALEM POST Oct. 8,2005 Israel alleged that it would not-be affected by Lawrence Franklin's plea bargain or by the fact that the names ofIsraeli diplomats were mentioned in court. Israeli diplomatic sources said Thursday that Naor Gilon, the form~r political officer at the Israeli embassy in Washington, who was in contact with convicted Pentagon analyst Franklin, had no idea that the information he got from Franklin was classified. "We are not r~sponsible for what is said to us by Atperican officials", said the diplomatic source, "even if an American official did something he was not authorized to do, we had no way ofknowing that." Mark Regev, the Foreign Ministry spokesman, saidin response to the incident that "the Israel embassy staff in Washington conduct themselves in a completely professional manner in accordance with all international conventions, and no one serious has made any allegations to the contrary." Naor Giton met between eight and twelve times with Larry Franklin and discussed with him issues regarding Iran's ~ nuclear program and the internal political situation in Iran. Israeli sources described these meetings as routine and ~ common practice for any diplomat. Franklin himself, in a court hearing Wednesday in which he pleaded guilty to three counts ofcommunicatitlg classified information and holding documents at his home, said he "knew in his heart" that the Israelis already possessed all the information he was giving Gilon. Franklin added that he received more information from the Israeli diplomat than he had given him. In a short formal reaction to the Franklin plea bargain, David Siegel, spokesman for the Israeli embassy, said, "we have full confidence in our diplomats who are dedicated professionals who conduct themselves in full accordance with established diplomatic practices". Israel and the US have not reached yet an understanding concerning the method in which Gilon and two other Israeli diplomats from the embassy will be interviewed by investigators probing the case.. Israeli suggested th~t the US relay its questions to the Israelis and -will get in return written answers, but there was yet to be an American response to th~sl·g ~ ~\/~ . v:::~rr ~\Ur-~~\CS-AJ C- 1126/2006 ~lI\r.- {§0 J' Page~,6f2 t' \ ~ ,,- 'Whi1~ Israel was mentioneg:only:in.passing and ~ourt 90qumen~~~io.n·sJt~w~d ~t.:w~s~not accus~d 9J~any wrongdoing!, . the t*osecutors focused on"two former officia~s at the pro-Israel·lobby. The_ trials qf Steve Rosen, Jormer~AIPAC :~ dire,ctor 9fpqIicy, and'Keit~ Weiss~an, fonnerJran analyst at the lobby, were slated,to be~in on January 3rd. J.\bbe Lowel}, the attom~:y' r~presenting Rosen in the ~as,e, said·Wednes~ay that he was ~ot suipri~~d by the fact that Franklin, who was under great, pressure struck a deal with the prosecutiop. lilt ~as no it).1pa~t on our case because, a gov~rnfuent ~mployee's. ~ctions in dealing ,with classiqe4 information are simply not the same as ~ privat<? perso~, 'Vhether that pers9n is a reporter or a lobbyi~t'~ said Lowell in a written shlte~e~t following Frankl~'s court· appearance. .Defense and Foreign Affai~s Committee'chi\innan Yuva~ Steiititz saiCl Thursday that I~rael had not:'activated' Franklin, . and th~t Israel w~~ not spying in the U~it,ed States. He stressed that ~ny c<?nvi~tion waS in no.way,'an ~ccusation 9f 'Israeli involvemenJ in spying. 1/26/2006 --- ..... ''"-....... - ~_ ......... -.... ..~- -_....... -- .. -.... ."... ... ~- ... ...,. .......... ·' ALL INFORMATION C01lrAINED ~EIN IS UNCLASSIFIED ~ ~ 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baW/SabJ~ Page 1ofl ---;:::=======:;---------------------__~b6 --- _ From:I I b7C Sent: Wednesday. January 25, 2006 10:30 AM To: 1... ........ Subject: JTA article FOCUS ON ISSUES Sentence in F'ranklin case sends chill through free-speech community By Ron Kampeas WASHINGTON, Jan. 23 (JTA) -It was surprising enough that the judge quadrupled the prosecution's recommended sentence for Lawrence Franklin" from three years to more than 12. But the true bombshell at the sentencing of the former Pentagon analyst, who is at the center of the case involving pro-Israel lobbyists and classified iriforll}ation,~~awyers were shutting their briefcases last Friday. That't\!Q~..y:~..:'.QJ~triqr~ji~ge;l~.;I;IIiS;IIJ:toldJt)~ ...cQ.urjr.o~mJn.Alexandria, Va., th~ h!t ~.eJi~~~cl~ilialJs·ar~~j4st·~s:UapJe_Cl~g9Y~(mlJ~ntemp.loyees._7 ~der laws goY~ro.ing Jh~..~ssemi!Wlg!l~9f.9J~~i.(LE!.d.J.rl£r!rl..sYg!)~ ...._ (:!'..!l~.§n.s wli~Jl~~~,~'l.~~QJ~9~!~~!i~~.d,~mo~~~J!l!!·i[lto unau~~~~~7 !'pbsse~~19Q ~(.q~~~!~~~ inf~r:":l~t,on, ~~st ~P.!9!..2~ the (awl Ellis.said.LT!i~9· applies to acaCtemics, lawyers·"journ..alists, professors:w~atever~i irwas difficult to assess wneth....er-Ellis'Was·thinking·out"loud·or was pronouncing tiis judicial philosophy. The jUdge·earned a reputation as a voluble off-the-cuff philosopher when he adjudicated the case of John ~Walker Lindh, the "AmericanTaliban." But if those are Ellis' jury instructions in April. when two former staffers of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee go on trial, the implications could have major consequenc.es - not just for Stev~ Rosen and Keith Weissman, but for how American~ consider national security questions. Defense lawyers for Rosen and Weissman have joined a free speech watchdog in casting the case as a major First Amendment battle., liThe implications of this prosecution to news gatherers and others who work in First Am~ndment cas~s cannot be overstated," lawyers for the former AIPAC staffers wrote in a brief earlier this month supporting an application . _from ~h~ R~port~rs Committe.e for the Freedom of tJle Press to file an amicus 1/26/2006 I' " ·; o Page2of3 bri~f. The case is believed to be the first in U.S. history to apply aWorld War I-era statute that criminalizes the dissemination of classified information by U.S~ civilians. Franklin pleaded guilty to a similar statute barring government employees from leaking classified information.·That statute rarely has been prosecuted; before Franklin, the last successful prosecution experts can recall was in the 1980s., JTA has learned that the defense team for Rosen and Weissman last week filed a brief by Viet Dinh, the former assistant attorney general who was the principal drafter of the USA Patriot Act, arguing that federal prosecutors in this case were int~rpreting classified information protections much too broadly. Dinh confirmed to JTA in a brief phone conversation that he had signed the brief, which is classified., Franklin, a mid-level Iran analyst at the Pentagon, admitted to leaking information to Rosen and Weissman in 2003 because he wanted his concerns about the Iranian threat to reach the White House. His Pentagon colleagues were focused on Iraq, and Franklin believed AIPAC could get his theories a hearing at the White House's National Security Council. He also leaked information.to Naor Gilon, the former chief political officer at the Israeli Embassy. By the summer of 2004, government agents co-opted Franklin into setting up Rosen and Weissman. He allegedly leaked classified information to Weissman about purported Iranian pl~ns to kill Israeli and American agents in northern Iraq. Weissman and Rosen allegedly relayed that information to AIPAC colleagues, the media and Gilon. AIPAC fired the two men in March 2005. In sentencing Franklin, Ellis described the former Pentagon analyst's motives as "laudable," but said his motives were beside the point. "It doesn't matter that you think you were really helping," Ellis said. "That arrogates to yourself the decision whether to adhere to a statute passed by Congress, and we can't have that in this country." Those views could be bad news for Rosen and Weissman, who hoped to rest part of their defense on an altruistic desire to save lives. More to the point, it suggests Ellis believes government statutes are sacrosanct, however little they have been used. That's what cOl1cerns freespeech advocates. "These provisions of the Espionage Act are widely recognized in the legal literature as incoherent," said Steven Aftergood, who heads the government secrecy project for the Federation of American Scientists, a nuclear watchdog that relies heavily on leaks for its information. 'We do not arrest and charge every reporter who comes into possession of classified information. We do not arrest people who receive leaks of classified information, we never have," he said. "For the judge to suggest otherwise is quite shocking." Lucy Dalglish, the Reporters Committee executive director, described the case as "terribly important." "Ifwe had a situation where journalists can be punished for receiving information, hello police state," she said. At the Herzliya Conference in Israel - an annual gathering for top Western security officials that Franklin once attended - participants said the case was a central behind-the-scenes topic of discussion, and they girded themselves for the consequences of the Rosen and Weissman trial. Malcolm Hoenlein, executive vice chairman of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, told the Jerusalem Post that the climate in Washington was "unacceptable.~' That "two patriotic American citizens who are working for Jewish organizations who did nothing to violate American security should have to stand trial and be subject to the public scrutiny and public humiliation, frankly I find very disturbing, and a matter that we all have to look at in a much more 1/26/2006 , se~us way," Hoenlein said. Franklin's sentence seemed exceptionally tough, given the prosecution's tentative agreement to recommend a three-year sentence if Franklin cooperated in the case againstRosen'an~ Weissman. • I;lIis' sentence - abiding by strict govemm~nt sentencing guidelines - was mainly a technicality, since Franklin'is not going to go to'jail until his cooperation with the prosecution is complete. Prosecutors said they would exercise their prerogative to consider freeing Ellis from applying government sentencing guidelines. In that case, Ellis is likely to apply the three-year deal proseciJtors worked out with Plato Cacheris. Franklin's lawyer. 1126/2006 o Page 3 of3 'ALL INFFION CONTAINED HEREIN CLASSIFIED DATE 07-~9-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabjlsg 0(\9 tngton • ost rJ1STRICT & MARYl~ND HOME EDITION 35¢ NATIONAL NEWS THE WASHINGTON POST )for Passing Government Secrets gnite.s BY UVItf WOlf - MSOCMlIll fII($S Lawrence A. rrm1Un has said he.. fretrMed wItII tile cIireetIon ., U.s. poIiCJ : and thougllt lie could Influence It. Franklin had faced a maximum sentence of 25 years in prison. Ellis said Franklill would not have to go to jan until he fiI\ished his cooperatiOD with the goverqmenta 1IJt.,,, ..... __... _.,,~ ... v. _ .... - which is scheduled for April. Rosen, of Silver Spring, is charged with two counts related to unlawful disclosure of national defense information obtained from Franklin and other unidentified government officials on topics including Iran, Saudi Arabia and al Qaeda. Rosen was AlPAC's director of foreign policy issues and was instrumental in making the committee a formidable political force. Weissman. of Bethesda. faces one count of conspiracy to illegally communicate national defense infonnation. The FBI monitored a series of meetings between Franklin and the former AIPAC officials datingback to early 2003, multiple sources familiar with the investigation have said At one of those meetings, a session at the Pentagon City mallin Arlington in July 2004, Franklin warned Weissman that Iranian agents were planning attacks against U.S. soldiers and Israeli agents in Iraq, sources said. -sbianswho ing denied u~across 1973 state : asa union "Dave Kole~. Nao"'al Re) f the pl~un· , "VCI" h~' 1h~ ..... ,<:>It,, f'I'" ,'s attorney. ema longtime dedhas had -3 long , Cacheris said I}1erating exten" md that he exea motion later ceo in October to o communicate ion, conspiracy olobbyists. who to communicate classified information to and are awaiting ° an agent of a. foreign government, and un· lawful retention of national defense iu. formation. Court documents saidFranklinprovided classified data - including information about a Middle Eastern cou.ntrYs activities in Iraq and weapons tests conducted by a foreign country --- to the lobbyists and to an unnamed "foreign official· The Middle Eastern country was not named, but Franklin disclosed at his plea hearing that some of the material related to Iran. He also said in court that the foreign official was Naor GUon. who was the political officer at the Israeli Embassy be. fore beingrecalled last summer. Israeli officials have said they are cooperating in the investigation. and they denied any wrongdoing. Franklin is e~ed to testify against the two former AlPAC lobbyi~ Steven J. Rosen and Keith Weissman. at their trial. !1 Kevin V. Di t1kIin had reason nation could be ate&. -when you information to ~i~ it." he sai~ s control of that I wayto knowin • deIIgIII., LcMdaMrs tlu'Dnlllnes. ....... saltltllll8ltame...... d IhIt~t 17..oat IIIII1IIDaI towanlltil"oa the ........... WI. StotIy, lU. ALL INFORMATION CO~D L, a $100 Million Question vfqy End Supportfor u.s.-Funded Coca Eradication Pentagon Analyst Given 12~ Years In Secrets Cra:se By JEBJlY MAuoN Wash.ington Post SmffWriler A former Defense DepartmeDt analyst was. sentenced to more than 12 years in prison yesterday for passing government secrets to two employees of aproIsrael lobbying group and to an Ismeli government of. ficial in WashiDgton. U.s. District Judge T.S. Elliamsaid Lawrence A. Franklin did not intend to harm the United States when he gave the classified data, to the employees of the American Israe1 Public Affairs Committee, or ~ PAC, oue ofWashingtoD.'smost intluentiallobbyingorganimtions. When hepleaded guilty, Franldia, an Iran specialist, said he was frustrated with the direction of U.s. policy and thought he could influence.it through '"back channels.II "I believe, I accept, your explanation that you didn't want to hurt the United States, that J01l are a IoyaI American: said Ellis, who added that Franklin was -concerned about certain threats to the UmtedStatesand thought he had to hand information about the threats to others to bring it to the attention ofthe National Security CoundL But Franklin. still must be punished, Ellis sai~ because he violated important laws govemfug the nondisclosure of secret information. '1t doesn't matter that you think you were really helping,- EJHe said as he sentenced Franklin to 151 months -12th yeatS - in prison. -nat a:rn>gItes to See SECREI'S. A6. Col. 1 DC''' KU"~lU"" -......, ~.......... ------ -- - -_. foral.transit, increase highway construction Lly 90 and revive stalled road projects. Th ey would help build a connected network of carpool or express toll lanes on all of Northern Vtrginia's major highways. buyrail ears for VirgiDia RailwayExpress and Metro, widen Interstates 95 and 66, and fix traffic botUeneeks. -We don't need any more studies. Wedon't need an extended session,II Kaine told reporters Friday after- See VIRGINIA, A10. Cot 3 he miIht withdraw Bolivia'. support for the eradication program, akeystone of the U.S.-backed anti-drug and alternative crop development campaign here. He has hinted at deaimmaHzing the tu1tivation of coca, which is legally chewed asa stimulant andusedin traditional medicines, and he has criticized regional us. anti-drug programs as false pretextsfor establishingamilitaty ~. But Morales has toned down his Se~ BOJ..lVlA..A 14. Col. 1 auwho : deaied . 8'r.i_"_-auilioa ~1CDJe. Iava1Iebeplainerbythe • for ld be 6Ir rs Mar1" deeiBioIl d:entioue mdU.S. tIa1JJau4 HEP~IN IS UNCLASSIFIED • DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/lsg VId. Ban on Gay Marriage rites ..-we're not doiDg anything the$e .,. one soldier said, ignoring the ~aJJchting on his .expoeed It a mud- forealm& -we're just waiting to hear Jmrlanda whaf. goirJ«to happen next.· .5OBoIiv- It's the $100 million question in 80~ Ie "Hm.: What wiD. become of the u.s._ coca' financed program to eradicatecoca, the 'Ilt weeki plant used to make c:ocain~ now that Ide cntcle the longtime head of the coca growers' I sagaing union, RwMorales, isabout to become !by mer the counbYa president? sthe U.S. Morales..46.whowillbe inaugurated Sunday, said during his campaign that Braqi IEDfdDcnlesaoDts An aJliance ofShiite religious parties won the most seats in Iraq's parliament but not enough to rule without coalition partners. the election commission said yesterday. wou.m" 275 total seats ShIte Kunlllh Surml MteI rellgiDus secular religious Sw:nl coalition coalition coalition secular I -etJ..:o.... I coaUtl~n FORT LEAVENWORTH, !<.an. - A fundamental change overtaking the Army is on display in classroolD$ across this base above the 'l,{;cGOnn 'R1VPr Afte1' dP.l'.ades of By THOMAS E. fuexs Washington Post S.affWriter Lessons Leamed in Iraq Show Up in Army Classes Culture Shifts to Counterinsurgency tflOi8St! vs. Ha»use Six bedrooms or just one with four bunks? Two distinct views of the house of the future. Also, a big increase in first-time buyers puttingno mo~down. Cuba Call PIa, Ball 'The 16-nation World Baseball Cassie gets the help it needs to bring Fidel Castro·s team to the tournament. SPOIlS, E1 INSIDE IWlOIS IIMIllII10 - TIlEYMSHINGTDIl POST De 'Rogue' Writer Osama bin Laden invited the world to read his book. For Washington's William Blum, it's .. , .• _._.j1r_. __l .._4_ , An.~~ l~ Years fo~ Pass=-&ment Secre~-r-_T_NIW_"'H...-IIIO'I'II_~P~ •.- ~.I~~I••__._-- =~=::,..,: .............._IL J1h_.....CIIII ~ 0125,.. iii ,.... lIrnklbl .... 1llI1 .... "',:llbjd\Ullll ... ~ ... CClIIlI'ft'IIlI.1IIc1X*llll' m..... ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/1sg ~. DIFORMATION CONTAINED 0 RE N IS LrnJCLASSIFIED DA 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabJlsg jpost.txt Hoenlein: Franklin sentence 'disturbing l ----------~----------- ------------------------~---------~----- -------------------- Hilary Leila Krieger, TH~ )ERUSALEM POST Jan. 23, 2006 ----~-------------------~-----~-----------------~~-~-~-------------~--~----~-~-- American Jewish leader Malcolm Hoenlein on sunday blasted the sentence handed down two days earlier to the. Pentagon analyst who admitted passing on classified information to Israeli diplomats and pro-Israel lobbyists. Hoenlein, executive vice chairman of the conference of presidents of Major American Jewish organizations, labeled the ruling "disturbing,1I a comment greeted by applause from the audience to whom he spoke about US-Israel relations at the • Interdisciplinary Centerls Herzliya conference. The former analyst, Larry' Franklin, was sentenced to 12 years and seven months in prison for three counts of conspiring to communicate national defense information unlawfully. The sentence was part of a Rlea bargain between Franklin and the prosecution in which he agreed to testify against two staffers of the pro-Israel lobby American Israel Public Affairs committee (AIPAC) , Steve Rosen and Keith weissman, whose trial begins in late April. nThe very fact that this kind of climate can exist in the capital of the united .States is unacceptable," Hoenlein said of the. sentencing as wel.l as subtle anti-Semitism heard in the corridors of power. He added, "[That] two patriotic. American citizens who are working for Jewish organizations who did nothing to violate American security, should have. to stand tr1al and be subject to the pub11c scrutiny and public humiliation, frankly I find very disturbing and a m~tter that we all have to look at in·a much more serious way." Hoenlein also cautioned Israel about its attitude toward the oiaspora. IIThere are more Jews in Tel Aviv than in New york and the majority of Jews will live® her.e," he noted. IIS0 there's no need to diminish the importance or the achievements of the oiaspora in order to emphasize the centrality an~ singular significance of Israel in all of our live~." I Hoenlein was preceded by Rabbi vechiel Eckstein, who also had some words of ~~ criticism -. of oiaspora Jewry. He slammed Jewish leaders for making a "major .strategic mistakell by criticizing growing ties between evangelical christians and the State of Israel, arguing that evangelicals pose one of American Jewryls largest threats since their values are so different from tha~ of Ameri~an Jews. ' "YOU don't need to accept their vision of America. But you donlt need to make them the enemy," said Eckstein, president of 'the International Fellowship of christians and Jews. lilt is the height. of irresponsibility for American Jewish leaders to jeopardize the critical support for Israel and the fight again$~ radical Islam and growing anti-Semitism that evangelicals bring to the table." Eckstein warned Israel not to take the support of evangelicals for granted. He did, however, praise Acting prime Minister Ehud olmert and former prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu for understanding the importance of this constituency. Another speaker at the same session, American pollster Frank Luntz, also heaped ~ accolades on olmert. concludin9 a lecture on how to use la.nguage effectively to get ~ Israel's message across - "it 1 S not what ~ou say that matter.s in communi cati on; \-,,, ; t 's what people hear" - he, ,sa;d that the former Jerusal em mayor had mastered h~~\, page 1 \)Y\~V" . ~ 6~'\JJ~ ~'S\r;;...fJC- 'r - &:.~\V /~f ,~ 1- ~ 0 0 '" advice. jpost. t'xt He played a short video clip of olmert defending Israeli policies in heavil~ accented English on international TV. "This ;s absolutely perfect communication to Americans," said Luntz, who ;s a consultant to the Israeli aavocacy organization, The Israel project. He described the clip as lI.some of the. best communication of any Israeli spokesperson. Tilank God he is where he is right now.II' . page 2 ~LL INFOPHATION CONTAINED o ~PEIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabJ1sg haaretz article. txt w w w . h a are t z . com ---------------~----~------------~------~----~-------~~----~--------~------~-~-~ Last update ~ 10:59 23/01/2006 u.s. Jewish leaders concerned by Franklin conviction By shlomo Shamir and-Amiram Barkat Two days after former pentagon analyst Larry- A. Franklin was sentenced to 12 years and seven months in jail for sharing classified information with pro-Israel lobbyists, $everal American Jewish community leaders echoed. a singl~ refrain: There's reason to worry, but no need to feel like this is a crisis. Franklin pleaded guilty ;n october to sharing the information with AIPAC lobbyists and Israeli diplomat Naor Gilon. Steve Rosen and Keith weissman, who were ~ired from AIPAC in 2004, are facing charges of disclosing confidential information to Israel, apparently abou~ Iran. Some American Jewish leaders are concerned by the influence the trial could, have on th~ relations between Jewish groups and the administration. Anti-Defamation leagu~ director Abe Foxman said the Franklin affair could potentially pose a thre~t to all Jewish lobbyists. Foxman said it is not clear what exactly is allowed in-terms of the relationships between the administration and the media and between nongovernmental.organizations and foreign governments. The lack of clarity, he said, could have a destructive influence on the activities~of all u.s. Jewish groups. Malcolm Hoenlein, executive vice chairman of the Conference of presidents of Major Jewish organizations, said yesterday that he found Franklin's sentence Idisturb1ng." liThe very fact that this kind of climate can exist in the capital of the u.S. is unacceptable," he said at the Herzliya Conference. ' Rosen and weissman, he said, lIare two patriotic American citizens working for a Jewish organization, who did nothing to violate the American security." page 1 . . ~ ~ "'~- ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED " HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED ~ 1\,. '~ ~ATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc ,baW/S~'3g : ' ~-F-ro-m-:----~I·-~)(FBi) . - -- ~:~t: I~av EeJl.ruaO! H '0 069 "30 MIl. !vF) (FBI) SUbject: FYT UNCLASSIFIED NON-RECORD I assume you worthies saw this... -Formel7 Official Backs Lobbyists In Leak C~se The Washington Post By Walter Pincus February 14,2006 • 1 .'. WASmNGTON, DC -- The former hea'd of the Justice Department's Office of Legal Policy helped write a 'memorandum of law calling for ~ dismissal of Espionage Act charges against two pro-Israel lobbyists, arguing that, in receiving leake4 classified Information and relaying i~ to others, they were doing'what reporters, thiilk~tankexperts and congressionai staffers "do ,perhaps 'hundreds oftime~ every day~" Viet D. Dinh, who'helped draft the USA Patriot,Act after the_Sept.t1, 2001, attacks, has joined with lawyers defend:ing Steven J. Rosen and ~eith Weissman, former employ~es of the American Israel Public AffairsCommitte~(AIPAC), who last year became the first non-U.S. government lemployees to be indicted for ,allege~ly violating provisions of the Espionage Act. "Never has a lobbyist, reporter, or any other non-government e~pJoyee ·been charged ••• for receiving oral information tl;te government alleges to be national defen~e matf?rialas part of that person's normal"First Amendm~nt protected activ_ties," the defense memorandum states. In additio.n, since no classified docum~nts are involved, the two lobbyists are being accused of receiving or~1 cla,ssified informatiQD during conversations with'government officials, one ofwhom warned Weissman that "the information he was about to rece~ve was highly~ classified tAgency stuff,t " according to the indictment. That government -official in'·this instance was-Lawrence'A.Franklin, who at the time worked in the policy offi~e at the Pentagon. He recently pleaded guilty to violations of the 'Espionage Act and was provisi~nally sentenced to ~2 years in prison, with tJte sentence to be reviewed depending on his cooperation with the governmenti~ t~eRosen-Weissman trial aJi~ anx.. CC} other relat~4 investigations. . J !~ -~- ". 0 9 !. The defense memorandum was filed under seal in U.S. District Court for the Eastern 'District ofVirginia on Jan.19 and, according to Rosen's attorney, Abbe D. Lowell, was unsealed last Thursday at the request of the defense. In the 90 years since the act was originally drafted, according to the Dinh memorandum, "there have been ·no reported prosecutions of persons outside government for repeating information tha~ they obtained verbally, and were thus unable to know conclusively whether or to what extent that information could be repeated." Dinh, who has returned to teaching at Georgetown University Law Center after leaving the Bush administration, said in an interview yesterday that the espionage statute is very broad and vague in its language and normally requires "bad faith" on the part of those in violation. The memorandum quotes Patrick J. Fitzgerald, special counsel in the CIA leak case, who said in a news conference that the espionage law is "a difficult statute to interpret" and "a statute you ought to carefully apply." "Prosecuting the leakee for an oral presentation ••• presents a novel case because the listener has no evident indicia for knowing what relates to national defense," Dinh said. He noted that he could find only one case in which the disclosed information may have been made only orally. In that case, an Army intelligence officer leaked defense inforptation and only he was charged. He was acquitted, "indicating that the government should have thought twice before now trying to stretch the statute even further." The memorandum notes that the statute contemplates the passing of physical evidence, such as documents with classifi.cation stamped not just on each page but also alongside each paragraph. One section ofthe law says that a person who has improperly received a classified leak commits a crime if "he willfully retains the same and fails to deliver it to the officer or employee entitled to receive it." The memorandum says that the provision cannot cover orally received information since recipients tt 'retain' it in memory and it is physically impossible to 'deliver' it back to the United States." Another reason for dismissing the case, according to the memorandum, is that "if the instant indictment and theory of prosecution are allowed to stand, lobbyists who seek information prior to its official publication date and reporters publishing what they learn can be charged with violating section 793" of the espionage statute. The memorandum also points out that"on many occasions, the media boldly state that they have classified material," which they publish after soliciting and receiving leaks. Lowell said that his client and Weissman "have been indicted as felons for doing far lessthan for what reporters have been awarded Pulitzer Prizes." In the memorandum, reference is made to Washington Post reporter Dana Priest's articles on CIA secret prisons for alleged terrorists, for which a leak investigation is underway. FBI agents are also investigating the leak to the New York Times about the National Security Agen~y's domestic surveillance program. . I, i.lI UNCLASSIFIED 2 I; QINFOIDIATION COm'AINED O' IN IS UNCLASSIFIED . 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabJ1sg~ ~il~ _ From: Sent: To: SubjeCt: - . ---~~-~----~~-------~~~-~~ Sent from my BlackBerry Wireless Handheld -----Original Message----- Sent: Wed Feb 15 18:45:50 2006 Subject: NY Sun article -t lintervie~ed C}hat_' s 1l...__lemail? Big Impact Seen In Israel Spy Case b6 b7C 1 BY JOSH GERSTEIN - Staff Reporter of the Sun February 13" 2006 URL: http://www.nysun.comlarticle/27429 ~ Lawyers for two former pro~Israel lobbyists under indictmen~ for leaking classified ~ information have denounced the prosecution as an assault on the First Amendmen~ and warned~~~ that a vas~ array of policy advocates and journalists could ,be in jeopardy if the case goes forward. The two lobbyists, Steven Rosen and Keith Weissman, were fired from their jobs at the American Israel Publi~ Affairs Committee last year as the probe unfolded. A former Pentagon. official charged wich providing classified information to the pair, Lawrence ~ranklin, is cooperating .:with prosecutors after pleading guilty. He was sentenced last month to more than 12 years in prison. In a brief filed in January and released last week, the lawyers for Messrs. Rosen and Weissman argue that the statute barring unauthorized' release of classified material has never been applied to private citizens. "The breathtaking application of that law to this set of facts breaks new legal ground," the defense team wrote. "There has never been a successful prosecution of an alleged leak by persons outside government persons with no contractual or legal obligation to preserve classified information." Messrs. Rosen and Weissman are scheduled to go on trial in federal court in Alexandria, Va., on April 25. The indictment charges tha~ they received classified information from Franklin and other officials, and passed that data on to members o~ the press and agents of a foreign government. ~/ Prosecutors have not offered a public description of 'the information that was alleg~dly ~{~ relayed, nor have they disclosed which reporters or foreign agents were al~egedly Allt~' involved. ~owever, Franklin was the Iran desk officer at the Defense Department and some ~ I' ~{ the d~t~ he has a~tted to passing on ~ppear to h~ve pertained to Iranian influence in -. _05lt,~~~3\5- ,u c" ~cB~ -Le'-l-v t' 'n ~. I~aq. The foreign diplomats~o received classified information in the alleged scheme ~ Ii a~;>pear to have been Israelis. In court papers asking that the charges be dismissed, the defense lawyers argue that the prosecution is attempting to criminalize the traditional give and take of information b-etween lobbyists, journalists, and government, officials. "This is what. members ot the media, members of the Washington policy community, lobbyists ~nd members of congressional staffs do perhaps hundreds of times every day, II the lawyers wrote. liThe exchange of informa~ion between members of, the government and non-governmental organizations is p,recisely what policy lobbying (as well as everyday news reporting) is all about. II The prosecution's response to the motion· was filed late last. month, but. has not yet been made public. In an unusual arrangement, mos~ papers filed in the case remain secret for a time while they are reviewed for classified information. In an interview yesterday, Mr. Weissman's attorney, John Nassikas III, said the p,rosecution should be of concern to all those who play a role in Washington policy debates. IIHopefully, there will be some resonance out, in the community over this," the l,awyer said. "We think that the government prosecution is off-base and we're challenging in every way, legally and factual·ly. II H,owever, Mr. Nassikas acknowledged that the defense may face an uphill battle in trying to c,onvince Judge Thomas Ellis III, who is presiding over the case, that the prosecution would jnhibit the free exchange of ideas and information vital to American democracy. At Frank~in's sentencing last month, the jUdge expressed no qualms abou~ punishing j,ournali:5ts or others who wind up with classified information and pass it. on. IIPersons who ~ave ,unauthorized possession, who come into unauthorized possession of classified information, must abide by the law," Judge Ellis said in remarks first reported by the ~ewish Telegraphi~ Agency. ,iThat applies to academics, lawyers, journalists, professors, whatever. II . . The brief filed on behalf of Messrs. Rosen and Weissman was co-authored by a conservative Georgetown University law professor and for:mer Justice Department official, Viet Dinh. 'Mr. Dinh's opposition t~ th~ department's stance in this case is notable because he has # generally supported aggressive prosecution tactics and was an architect of the 2001 law that broadened the government's anti-terrorism powers, the USA-PATRIOT Act. "He's obviously an ~xpert on constitutional law issues, and there have been a-lot of constitutional law flaws in the government's application of this statute," Mr. Nassikas said. He said Mr. Dinh was enlisted by Mr. Rose~'s attorney, Abbe Lowell. Messrs. Lowell and Dinh did not ~eturn calls yesterday seeking comment for this story. The case has drawn criticism from some Jewish activists as well as a journalists' group, the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the "Press, which has sought to file an amicus brief on behalf of the two eX-lobbyists. Legal analysts often distinguish the American .lega~ system's approach toward breaches.of classified information fro~ t~e tack taken in Britain, where the country's Official Secrets Act can be used to prosecute and silence journalists and ordinary citizens who come into possession of sensitive infor:mation. In America, the~e have 'been repeated, but unsuccessful, efforts to pass a similar statute that would crimdnalize all leaks of classified information regardless of the harm caused or the intent or identity of the leaker. In 2000, President Clinton vetoed ~egislation that would have made the release ot any classified information a crime. lilt would be fundamentally unfair for the Justice Department to usurp the province of Co~gress and create some type of Official Secrets Act through the prosecution of a test case," the defense team argued in their brief. The brief also quotes a prominent federal prosecutor, Patrick Fitzgerald, about the perils of bringing criminal charges in connection with leaks' o~ classified information. "You sho~ld be ver.y careful in applying that law because there are a lot. ·of interests that c,ould '.be imp~i.cated," Mr. Fitzgerald said at a press conference last. year discussing his 2. ~ decision not to charge a WhOHouse aide, I. Lewis Libby, wO"leakiDg a J identity. Mr. Libby, who has pleaded not guilty, was charged with perjury of justice in the ,probe. CIA officer's and obstruc~ion Details of the defense filing were first reported by an online newsletter, Secrecy News, which is published by the Federation of American Scientists. Mr. Nassikas declined to say yesterday whether he plans to call journalists as witnesses, an effort which could prompt further legal confrontations. "Neither side has indicated what witnesses will be called a~ this point. It's clear there are reporters involved in the facts of the case," the attorney said. In recent months, Messrs. Rosen and Weissman have been at odds with their fo~er employer, Aip~c, over payment of legal fees in the case. "That is not resolved," Mr. Nassikas said. He said Mr. Weissman plans to launch a legal defense fund this week to cover costs that Aipac has, declined to pick up. Efforts to reach an Aipac. spokesman last. night were unsuccessful. 3 ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED i ~IN IS tU~CLASSIFIED 0 It ~ 07-29.,..2010 B·:r 60324 l.lC baw/sabll.. !ll ......_~------------- From: Sent: To: Subject: II:=bQl8NI 15.2006 6:12 PM ------~--~~-~~--~--------- Sent from my BlackBerry Wirele~s,Handheld Pre-trial strategies suggest unwanted exposure of AIPAC's lobbying practices By Ron Kampeas and Matthew E. Berger b6 b7C WASHINGTON, Feb. 14 (JTA) -- Federal investigators are asking questions about ties between lay leaders of the American Israei Public Affairs Commdttee and two former staffers charged in a classified-information case. The renewed investigation comes as Viet Dinh, a forme~ assistant u.s. attorney general and principal architect~f the Patriot Act, argued in a brief on behalf of Steve Rosen and Keith Weissman, the former AIPAC staffers, that the case against them lacks merit because it violates thei~ First Amendment rights. Taken together, the defense and government actions suggest the shape of the trial to start April 25: The defense will argue that culling and distributing inside government information was a routine lobbying actiVity. It also anticipates the media event AiPAC insiders have said they fear: One that picks apart, ina public forum, exact~y how ~PAC goes about its business. No one suggests that AIPAC's activities are in any way illegal, and the prosecutor in the case already has made clear that t~e organization is not suspected o~ wrongqoing. B~t AIPAC closely guards its lobbying practices, and is loath to reveal them to the genera~ Washington community. In his brief, Dinh, now a law professor and attorney in private practice, argues that the First Amendment protects the practice of seeking information from executive branch officials. ~This is what members of the media, members of the Washington policy community, lobbyists and members of congressional staffs do perhaps hundreds of times a day," Dinh argues, describing the acts alleged in the indictment against Rosen, the former AIPAC foreign policy director, and Weissman, a former Iran specialist. FBI agents' questions to other former AiPAC staffers inte~viewed in recent weeks suggest that the government is trying to assess whether receiving and disseminating classified information was routine at AIPAC. The form~+ staffers told ~A that .t~e FBI agents asked questions about Rosen's 1 _ relationship with of Beverly Hills, influential AI~AC three pa~PAC presidents -- Robert Ashe~f Chicago, Larry Weinberg Calif., and Edward LeVy of Detroit, as well as Newton Becker, an donor from Los Angeles. The for.mer employees all spoke on condition ~f a~onymity, because the FBI has told them not to speak with the media. The office of u.s. Attorney ~aul McNulty, who is trying the case, would no~ comment. Weinberg, reac~ed Tuesday, refused to comment. Levy was on vacation and could not be reached, and Asher and Becker did not respond to messages. The new round of FBI questions is important because the indictment, based on a World War I-era espionage statute, rests not simply on receipt of the allegedly classified information but on its further dissemination. The indictment, handed down las~August, all~ges tha~.Rosen and Weissman relayed the infor.mation -- on Iran and on Al-Qaida -- to fellow AIPAC staffers, journalists and diplomats a~ the Israeli Embassy in Washington. Establishing whether Rosen also briefed board members on the allegedly classified information would bolster the defense claim that the acts described in the indictment are routine. Board members are regularly briefed, often in lengthy one-on-one phone calls, on meetings between the mos~ senior AIPAC staffers and top administration officials. Rosen routinely made such phone calls, a former staffer said. ~He made sure board members knew he was responsible and he was the one doing the work,H the staffer said. ~roving that such briefings are routine, however, will 'not necessarily deter the government from going ahead with th~ case: Judge T.S. Ellis, who is' hearing t~e case, has suggested that the routine nature of such exchanges doesno~ preclude prosecution. ~~ersons who have unauthorized possession, who come into unauthorized possession of classified information, must abide by the law," Ellis said last month in ~entencing Larry Franklin, the for.mer ~entagon analyst who pleaded gUilty to ~eaking information to Rosen, Franklin and others. ~Tha~ applies to academics, lawyers, journalists, professors, whatever." - A defense source said the defendants ~ould no~ recall board member brtefings about the central charge in the, indictment, involving allegedly classified information on supposed Ira~ian plans to kill American and Israeli agents in northern Iraq. However, other alleged leaks in the indictment migh~ have been relayed to board members, JTA has learned. One in 2002 involved David Satterfield, then· a deputy ~ssistant secretary of state and now deputy ambassador to Iraq. Satterfield relayed information to Rosen on A!-Qaida, the indictment says. McNulty's office would not comment on whether i~ planned to bring charges against Satterfield. Satterfield did not. respon~ to previous JTArequests for comment. The defense will maintain that Satterfield would have been authorized to release the infor.mation. The administration routinely used.AIPAC as a conduit. to ~nfluence Israel on matters where there were differences between Israel and the United States, for instance on Israeli arms sales to China. In those cases, the information migh~ have been classified. The information Satterfield allegedly relayed to Rosen apparently related to Iran's ties to a wanted Lebanese terrorist. Dinh's brief was filed last month, but was made publiq only last week. JTA reported on the brief las~ month, and has been has been researching for several mont~~ interactions between Rosen, Weissman and government officials. Patrick Dorton, an AIPAC sppkesman, previou~ly ~as ~aid that Rosen and Weissman were fired . 2 ~as: ~rCh because infoxmat~ arising out of the FBI inves~tion uncovered ~conduct that was not part of their job and was beneath the standa%ds of what AIPAC expects of their employees." A December 2000 AIPAC staff handbook does not say how to handle classified information. A 1985 internal memo by Rosen,' recently obtained by JTA, outlines his plans to shifeAIPAC's lobbying emphasis from Congress to the executive branch. He explicitly calls for the cultivation of mid-level, non-elected officials -- a description that would include Franklin. Outlining the advantages of such lobbying, Rosen wrote; UThey work for secretive rather than open institutions and agencies. And, perhaps m9st important o~ all for effective communications, they are in many cases experts in our subject themselves, as oppose~ to the 'generalist' in Congress who might be convinced by a few general 'talking points' explained by a layman." Former staffers say Rosen's memo p~ofoundly influenced AIPAC's mission. AIPAC has never repudiated the document, though las~ yea~ the organization said i~ had changed some lobbying practices -- without specifying which ones. UAIPAC continues to discuss perfectly appropriate and legal informati~n with people on Capitol Hill and in all levels of the administration every single day," Dorton said Tuesday. , , --- ..~ .' .~ - ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED I"'a18 I or l _~.,<fLeX~SNe~i.S by liredlt U~rd - OUDCume~. HEREUJ IS UNCLASSIFIED I"'!:\ ~;r'•, ,. DATE 07-29-2010 BY 6032~ baw/sabJ1sg . , ~ - ~,....- ......,... " ,.....". ..-~ .. . .... ... ......... [:::~_'H -._ View: Full I q~ I ~I~ ~meDts Purcha.s~ I tiQW ~cIl Yi~.wjn Ptin.tabl~ fo.ID1 Your browser settings may prevent your return to this document. Please print or download this document before selecting another. Document Unks: ~~tilrt of Oocum.cml SE~.nQN: . LE.NG.TJf: . HEM»-INE: B.YL.IHE; BOQX; LOAD:D.A1E: Copyright .1997 TImes Newspapers Umited The limes NOYember 13, 1997,.Thursday :b6 b7C SECnON:Ove~asnews LENGTH: 677 words HEADUNE: Am~ricans shot dead after guilty verdict on Pakistani BYUNE: Christopher Thomas. South Asia Correspondent. and James Bone in New York BODY: . FOUR Americans and a Pakistani were shot dead yesterday in the centre 'of Karachi, probably by Islamic ~mists, in an apparent reprisal attack after the conviction of a Pakistani in America for the killing oUwo CIA employees. The Pakistani Govemment has ordered an inquiry, but there is little chance of catching the killers. Further attacks on Americans were feared after the conviction in New York last night ofthe Pakistani mastennind of the 199~ Wortd Trade Centre bombing. RarnzJ Yousef, a former engineering student at SWansea Institute in Wales, faces life i~prisonment for plotting to kill up to a quarter of a million ~ple by toppling one of the 11o-storey twin towers of the centre onto the other. Six people died and more than 1,000 were. injUred in the attack on the fower Manhattan landmark. which left AmericanS feeling VUlnerable to international terrorism for the first time. Eyad Ismoil, a Jordanian accused ofdriving the truck bomb into the underground car park, was also convicted of conspiracy and faces a life term• ... Yousef, a Baluq.i ofPalestinian descent who was raised in Kuwait, was arrested in Paldstan two years ago when a fellow Muslim radical ~med him in, In the hope ofthe $ 2 milrlOr1 reward. Eartier. this year he was sentenced to life imprisonment for plotting the bombing of12 American airliners over Asia.-The plan was never carried out because Philippines ponce chanced on his bomb factory, but Yousef tested his technique by bombing a Philippines AIr1ines plane, kiDing a Japanese business man. The American authorities believe he is linked to a shadowy 1~lamic underground connecting groups as far afield as Afghclnlstan, Egypt and 1he Philippines. It· Sheikh Omat AbdeI Rahman, a blind Muslim cferic. has already been jailed in the United States with ten associates on margas related to the World Trade Centre bombing and other plamed attacks. The AmertcantI Idllecl In KarachJ"Pakiatan's most laWleSS city, were'sii1gI8d oUt as the carIn which~were traveflifflJ pasae"d,.o.v'veor- a'b•ile; -.. Iii~iiiOm~ trilfftc. 1118 .~. ., 'US8d KaIashnikov8.which are ~"aWilible 'at'kiiOCkdoYin . ~ -0;: !~W~" .•• _,,,~IJI.. SJUI'UJ'8I'. . 1I~1. ~.throughOut th8.c.ountrY. in(j escaped in the confusion. . All five victims ofyesterday's attack were emp(oyees ofUnionTem, the-US'Oil'Company. Th8y were on thefrway to work, a journey ofonly a few minUtes, and died instantly. The Americans were au<frtors who had jUst arrived in Pakistan. ~j:-- '\ ' '. 'b6 '::r' .~.- -_••• ~_.~:. ~ 't •. b7C '" ·0 .::, f AwItnes8 said that the kJJtenI h8d on'~ jack~. wom . ;'L .. ,-JheY:itepped oulof..tli8lt..v8liJde;........ ""... biilleti"trito the victims at' . nt-blank range, cheCked the bodlM do8eIy to en .' 1! .U =~-: ~·;:~~Ut1_.l8IgelBd88d18yd;$~..~. • ' one1*"6ieii ~'~~. a sal for the deportation toAmerfcaofYousef. .'t":J' 01 j Yesterday's mur dens wece probably d8eIgnid to"aVenge the guilty venfJd passed by an American court on Mlr Aimal KasI, a 1.~.. ~ t.fi t;. ~eaki8tan national who IciJJed two CIA employees outside the agency's headquarters In Langley. nearWashington, !flOI'8~ :f:' fOur yeat8 ago. He could face the death penalty. ~ . Kasralawyers are pleading with ajury to spare his life and sentence him to life In prison without parole. The defence produced family membefw. teachers, friends and fonneremployena to show that Kasf had lived a non-violent life before the kJnlngs. The US State Department had given a warning on Tuesday that Americans could be targets after the KasI verdic.t. Mike MeCuny, President C&nton's spokesman, saki there was no Immediate direct evidence to link the KaI8Chi murders with the KasI conviction, but officials were watchfng for any connection that developed. Condemning yesterdayis Karachi attack as barbarous and outrageous. MrMcCuny said that it would not affect MrCUnton's visit to Pakistan next year. LOAD-DATE: November 14, 1997 Copyright.O 2005 LexJsNexfs. a division ofReed Elsevier Inc. AD rights reserved. Your use ofthis seNfce fa governed by TJmn~~i!&o.J... Please~them. http://web.lexis.com/xcha-nge/search/dispdoc.aso? aStrinFb4kDb1 F04U2W3%~FCkWn - R/~ /?nnfi ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED ~IN IS UNCLASSIFIED ~ ~ 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabJl~ BRIEF ONIR:AN No. 798 Tuesday, December 9, 1997 Representative OfOce of The National Council of Resistance of Iran Washington, DC P ~~··1>;'I!11;;;P2~J'~":' ~.~" .~. age' ,01." :~" •.,;" Dt.s~s~.~ C1tle Tf:\B C-. Spying on Foreign Reporters in Tehran, Iran Zamin News Agency, December 8 The regime's Ministry of Intelligence is doing it utmost to prevent foreign reporters from gaining access to the realities of the Iranian society. According to reports from Iran, the regime has instructed the majority of foreign reporters to leave Tehran immediately after the summit of the Organization of Islamic Conference•. The reporters·have reportedly asked to go to Com and meet with dissident clergymen. Meanwhile, the regime has imposed more restrictions on Montazeri, form.er successor to Khomeini. MOl')tazeri's comments against Khamenei in recent weeks escalated the power struggle within the regime. Protest Gathering of Mojahedin Families in Tehran, Iran Zamin News Agency, December 8 According to reports from- Iran, simultaneous with the Organization of Islamic Conference's meeting in Tehran, large groups of families of Mojahedin martyrs and political prisoners gathered today in the Iranian capital's Behesht..e Zahra cemetery to protest the clerical regime's repressive policies. The families gathered despite security measures by the regime and chanted slogans against the regime's leaders, and in support of the National Liberation Army and the Resistance's leaders. The protesters condemned the regime's efforts to take advantage of the OIC summit to legitimize their atrocities in the name of.Islam. The Revolutionary Guards attacked the gathering of Mojahedin families and arrested and took a'way dozens of people, including elderly mothers, the reports say. Iran Denies. It's Involvement in Killing ofFour Americans, Agence France Presse, December 8 ISLAMABAD - Iran Monday denied its nationals were involved in the killing of four US business executives in the Pakistani city of Karachi last month. \E Police in Karachi said Sunday security agencies had detained eight Iranian nationals in connection wilhthe 1\ murder of the Americans•. The detainees included two people suspected of involvement in the theft of the car the assailants used in the November 12 slaying, the police said. A police official said that investigators were working on a number of theories including suspicions of an Iranian c9nnection in, the slaying. - Cf. · Q .. . a V~ Police were questioning the Iranians but none·of them had confessed to involvement in the crime. said Saud )t .Mirza. a senior superintendent of Karachi police. Trail Heats Up in '94.Argentina Bombing, The Los Angeles Times, December 6 BUENOS AIRES--The hunt for terrorists who slaughtered 86 people in the bombing of a Jewish community center here in 1994 has picked up unexpected momentum...: Investigators believe that the attack also involved Iranian terrorists and members of Modin, a rightist political party of former military officers known for coup attempts and anti-Semitic violence. The latest and most politically prominent investigative target is congressional Deputy Emilio Morello, a former army captain and Modin member. Under questioning by the commission last week, Morello denied allegations that he met with Iranian diplomats ~nd traveled secretly to the Middle East.... Meanwhile. Judge Juan Jose Galeano sought another piece of the puzzle: the suspected Iranian connection. After gathering information in France and Germany on Iranian terrorism, Galeano ftew to Los Angeles to reinterview witness Manouchehr Moatamer, an Iranian defector who lives in California. Moatamer, who fled Iran in 1994, describes himself as a former well-placed Iranian operative with powerful family connections. He says he had access to meetings where intelligence officials plotted the Buenos Aires bombing. During his testimony last week in the Argentine Consulate in Los Angeles, he provided purportedly official Iranian 90cuments on the plot to back his claims... Iranian officials, who deny any role in the bombing, call Moatamer a con man. But investigators believe that he can help them. During his 1994 testimony in Venezuela, he predicted a bombing at the Israeli Embassy in London that occurred days later during a worldwide terror offensive. 19th Dissident Assassinated Abroad During Khatami's Tenure, Iran Zamin News Agency, DecemberS yvednesday, December 3, terrorists dispatched by the Iranian mullahs' regime assassinated Seyyed Jamal Nikjouyan, amem.. ber of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran~ in Kouysenjaq, Iraqi Kurdistan. He was the 19th dissident assassinated on Iraqi territory since Khatami has taken office. r-I: Back to Brief on Iran http://www.tran-e-azad.orglenglish/boil07981209:-97.html 5/1'1/2005 O . C( ,... t. \l~" M Page 1 of2 - D1S~~ I Ptl:J ( _ -BRIEF ON IR..w ,~~o..(L<Y ~1 No. 806 ~ f'AVO, J)eJlS Friday, December 19, 1997 O:F Representative Office of \J ~ Grr'\ ~ettS The National Council or Resistance of Iran ' \ ~ Washington, ~C • ",,.:'':'1... •u" ""f.' , Briefon'irah:'NO:~866~" .~ ,. ," t, ... ......1, • • ALL:LION CONTAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/lsg Religious-Civil Tension Mounts in Iran, The Wall Street Journal, December 17 TEHRAN-••.Dr. Ibrahim Yazdi, leader of the Iran Freedom Movement, was summoned to the Islamic Court Sunday evening, associated said.•••Dr... Yazdi hasn't communicated with associates since phoning them that night..•• The court that brought in Dr. Yazdi is closely aligned with Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The arrest may deepen the divisions between Ayatollah Khamenei and the country's elected leader, President Mohammad Khatami. •••. President Khatami has sought to play down his differences with Ayatollah Khamenei. But others, including student activists and a few religious figures, have been pushing him toward a confrontation. Last month, ·Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri, an Iranian religious figure who once was in line to be supreme leader, gave a lecture painting Iran's presidential election as a repudiation of Ayatollah Khamenei.. •• In reaction, a mob pillaged Ayatollah Montazeri's home and office in aom, Iran's theological center. Street demonstrations were held throughout Iran in support of Ayatollah Khamenei, who said critics of the country's theocratic system were guilty of "acts of treason."... t ../ 'l,. .. . . Dr. Yazdi's detainment could be a warning by Ayatollah Khamenei that he won't hesitate to move against critics now that most of the international press corps haslett Tehran after the OIC meeting.••• Ayatollah Montazeri isn't the only cleric critical of Ayatollah Khamenei, though.••.some ~ullahs have long doubted Ayatollah Khamenei's religious credentials. and suggest a committee be set up to replace the single leader.,•.,' In particular, the top cleric in Isfahan is reported to have given a stem warning Friday to the officially tolerated vigilantes who have ransacked newspaper offices in that city, which is a stronghold of President Khatami.•.•. Putting Ayatollah Montazeri on trial would be a risky move, though. As one of seven top religious authorities in Iran, he has silent adherents throughout the country••.. Mr. Khatami and Ayatollah Khamenei may face more conflicts next year••.• . Police Probe Iranian Link In US Murders, United Press International, December 18 .t ISLAMABAD-Pakistani and U.S. investigators probil)g the murders of four Americans in Karachi last month are f looking at a possible Iran,ian link. . Officials at the U.S. embassy in Islamabad have confirmed local reports Thursday that investigators are interrogating Iranians for their possible involvement in the deaths. ~eports say police in Karachi arrested more than a dozen Iranians last week. Some have since been r~Je~~ but police are ~till holding six as possible suspects. Police traced telephone calls to the apartment where theJt:anlans lived., '" . • !& ...... ~ ....... t. 1 ,No. ~U() r~ Q 0 lI!: . rorist attack last month in Karachi, a southern port city, left four Houston oil co~pany e';'ployees dead•••• _~ ~ .. ...~~_ .... ~ ........_.. _..... _ ~_ ................... lIIr.4 tIl'l~" .. .: • • _ "f ~.' .. r_JIY. I Women Resist Raw Deal in Islamic Iran, Reuter, December 15 TEHRAN (Reuters). Women were in the vanguard of the Iranian revolution that ousted the Shah 18 years ago, but they ha~e had a raw deal in the Islamic republic and are increasingly demanding greater rights. I, Few of the counUess thousands of women.who poured into the streets, defying the Shah's soldiers to demonstrate for change, can have imagined that the revolution would turn the clock back more than half a century for their sex. Yet that, according to feminist lawyer Mehrangiz Kar, is exactly what happened. "The family protection law enacted in the last four years of the Shah's regime, which improved many things for women, was abolished and they returned to the previous law approved 66 years earlier: she told Reuters in an interview.•.. In the name of Islam, the ruling Shi'ite Muslim clergy reinstated laws that give men an absolute right to divorce their wives without having to produce any justification and, in the vast majority of cases, custody over the children. Women are entitled to keep boys only up to the age of tWo and girls until seven. After that the father has the right to custody••.. "Although the mother has a very lofty place in Iranian literature and religious tradition, legally she is next to nothing," Kar said. Women are barred from serving as judges, although there were many on the bench before the revolution. They face explicit discrimination in the criminal law and an unwritten "glass ceiling" in ~mployment. A woman's evidence in court is worth only half a man's. Kar said, and for some offenses., women's evidence is not admissible at all.... Blood money for a murdered woman is only half that for a man. Moreover, in an Islamic version of Catch 22, if a murdered woman's family insists on her male killer's execution, her relatives have to pay his family the full blood money in compensation,Kar said. [jiiiiii'IBack to Brief on Iran httn:llwww.iran-e-a7ad.on!/enqli~hlhoi/OR06121997.html 5/11/2605 o ARMED CONFLICTS REPORT 2004 ~ PROJECT \;b- "P~hQr,S" .• NrnttU ~UUlUC;Lnupun ~UUU ~1J"U:i~n • ' .. '-! ALL INFOIDlATION CON:rAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED ..••. DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324.. uc baTN:/~~l~ag,-,,-::-._~>!!!!"~.:...... ...J~.~~ DlS~ TAB A .. , '."', Pakistan (1992 • first combat deaths) Update: .February 2005 . Summary: 2004 Sectarian fighting con~nu6din 2004 as attacks on civilians andsecurity forces, bombing of mosques, and drive-by shootings ofpoliticians killed between 100 and 170 people. Most casualties were civilians who died in the year Jfi two most serious attacks, both bombings ofSunni mosques. President Musharrafwas entrenched as head ofthe government andarmy until at least 2007 by a bill approved by Pakistan iiilower house.. Pakistan was declared a tt ajor ally"by US President Bush In recognition ofPakistan Iicontribution to the fight against al-Qaeda. 2003 Sectarian violence claimed approXimately 100 lives this year, with Shia Muslim civilians accounting for most of the casualties. President Musharraf continued a crackdown on militant groups, to which may be linked an attempt on his life in December. 2002 Sectarian violence claimed dozens of lives this year with Islamic militants stepping up attacks against Pakistani Christians and foreigners. 2001 Sectarian violence continued in 2001 with targeted killings of prominent members of the community. In August. the Sindh provincial government initiated a crackdown on Islamic mifitants. According to one Pakistani media source, more than 50 people were killed In the violence dUring the year. 2000 Although violence has declined since the military coup of October 1999, sectarian tensions persisted between the majority Sunni and the minority Shimte Muslim groups in Karachi. The killing of prominent religious leaders and political activists resulted in violent protests. At least 25 people were killed in the violence. 1999 Despite the central government. imposition of Govemorfi Rule in late 1998 in response to Sindh violence, political and sectarian killings persisted in Karachi, albeit at a much reduced level. At least 75 were killed during the year, down from the estimated 1,000 conflict deaths in 1998. 1998 In 1998 reprisal killings between militants of the Muttahida Qami Movement (MOM) and a break-away faction increased violence in the city of Karachi. Type of Conflict: State fonnationJ Failed state. Parties to the Conflict: Nm.,u \Junruct neport ~uuu - ....aKlstan o 1) Government o t'age ~ or~· b6 b7C b7E As of October 1999, led by Chief Executive General Pervez Musharaf foll~wing the overthrow of the government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 8 military coup. Under the previous Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. the government engaged the Pakistani ponce Force, Paramilitary~angers· and troops from the Frontier Corps (Constabulary) in the conflict 2) Armed groups: Several parties opposed to the government (and each other) are involved in the violence. These are seen to be primarily ethnic or religious groups. (a) Jeay Sindh (Qadir Magsi Group) representing Sindh nationalists; (b) Mohajir-Qaumi-Movement (M-Q-M) led by Altaf Hussain On exile in London since 1992) representing Mohajirs(migrants) who moved to Pakistan in 1947 when India was partitioned. NamE!changed to Muttahida Qaml Movement in 1998: (e) M-Q-M (Haqiqi), a breakaway faction led by Afaq Ahmed; 1 r--------.., MUlat-i! israiJ\tYe PaklStaii (MIP), previously known as S1p8h.&baha-Pakistan, Wh~" ,••~ fP' represents Sunni Moslems with support from fundamentalist groups In saudi Arabia ~"'~:I, ~-f ~:~ ... and Libya; Islaml Tahrik-e Pakistan (ITP), previously known as Tehrik-l..Jaffaria-Pakistan, which rePresents.ShiJite Moslems with sOme finanCial support fiom Ira" .Led by Mohammad Baqar Najfi; (d) Lashkar-e-Jhangvl, suspected of having links with Osama Bin Laden. al-Qaeda. In aac ltion, criminal elements, some working through the above groups, also contribute to the Violence, a legacy of Pakistan. involvement in the war in Afghanistan and the related drug trade. In January 2002, President Musharrafbanned five ,Islamic militant groups inclUding, Sipah-8abahaPakistan and Tehrik-I-Jaffaria. This ban was extended'in 2003 following the renaming of.several of the groups. • ban Imposed on three Islamic organizations by the Pakistani government over the weekend. In a move1hatsawdozens of Islamic activists rounded uP aerosa the country, was the continuation ofaban imposed last year, acconfll1g to a senior government otIidaI. WIlls Is a conUnuatJon ofthe old ban on groups that had become active under new names,- Infonnation Minister Sheikh Rashid Ahmad told IRIN.... ' Among the ouUawed groups were the Sunnl organisation. SIpa~e Pakistan. which later re-emerged as MIJIat.e JsIamI.ye Pakistan (MIP): and its rival. the ShHih group, Yahrik-e Jaliari-ye PakIstan. which. thereafter. renamed itself IsIami TaMk-e Paldstan (ITP). Both the new organisations have been banned••• •(IRlN, November17. 2oo3J Status of Fighting: 2004 Anned violence continued in the form of attacks on civilians, bombing of mosques, drive-by shootings of politicians and attacks on security forces. The most serious Incidents of the year were March and October bombings of Sunnl mosques that killed over 80 people and wounded hundreds more. Itxtremilt strikes and sectarian attacks across the countJy toQeUMH'wtth minHnsurgendes In two of Pakistan 's four provinces have increased public insecurity and criticism ofPresident Pervez Mushal1'8f.-(SBe News. July 1. 2004] -, .oIlce In the Pakistani city of Karachi have fir9d tear gas at thousands of angry moumeIS after an attack onaShIa mosque killed at least 20. Ttouble en.tpted after funeml prayers for 1.01those killed In Monday's attack. which officials beUeve was a sectarian suicide • I"\IIII"U VUIIIIICL nOIJUrL ~UW - t'aKititan . Q o tJage ~ or tI bombing. The funerals i)Iow overnight unrest In whJeh three people died In duheI wiIh the police.·span atytea"mso-bIcI-tlnt-weight - bold: font.famlJy: Mar> [BBC News, June 1, 2OCM) ltaklatanl police say a bombhawounded 13 police and soIdleta In the IOUth-westem city ofQuetta •Those Injured were tnMIIIInQ In a truck when the bfast occurred. Police have yet to identify the attackets. One report said a bomb on a bIcyde had been detonated by remote control: another said a grenade was thrown from a motoreyde. Quetta has been a target for lllamic mltltants -In March over40 people died In an attack on Shla MuaUms.-[BBC News. May 24. 2(04) _ • • car bomb that exploded on Thursdayoutalde a bible society. ofIIce In the southern port city of I<arachI ,inJurInG at least 12 people and damaging the wei ofa chun:h dose by. was actually an attack~1aw-en1Orcement agencIa. according to a government oflldaL-(IRIN. January 16.2004) 2003 Fighting between Sunni and Shia communities spread to the southwestern region of the country. In most instances of violence. Shia civilians were indisaiminately attacked. allegedly by extremist Sunni militant groups. The worst such case was the July bombing ofa Shia mosque in Quetta I which resulted in 60 deaths_ Militants employed guerrilla tactics. such as bombings and drive-by shootings. Extremist sectarian groups opposed to President Musharraffi policies, including his administration. alliance with the US in the gar on terror.·sustainedattacks on government security forces and narrowly failed to assassinate Musharraf in December. -st1:country-ntg1on w:st-'"od'> Pakistan President PeMIZ Musharrafnanowty escaped an assassInatSon atIernpt when a bomb exploded Just after his motoR:ade had passed by••• 0fIIdaIs saJcllt was too eady to say who was behind the 8Uack. but the most IiIc8Iy suspects 818 radical haIdInets opposed to MUlllanaffi policy on Afghanistan •his crackdown on extremism and his etbts to rebm islamic schools. Tbe AssocIated Press reported.-[CNN.com. December 14, 20031 .rycrowds rampaged through Pakistan. capital on Tuesday. a day after a prominent Sunni Seaderwas shot dead near Islamabad••• Maufana Azam Tartq. the leader of the Mifat.. lslamiya.... was gunned down by unknown US8IIantI on Monday...-(IRJN, Oc;tober1, 2003) - rilazara ~Jda community leaders have called 101' Increased security, despite lie nttumlng to nanna' foUowfng a Suml militant attacfc on a mosque In the southwestern Pakistani city ofQuettaon" July. The Lashkat+Jhangvl organisation claimed responsibiUty for the attack In which 60 people died... - Thousands ofSunnl and Shla Muslims have been IdIIed In Pakistan over1he past two decades In sectarian violence... [which has been) mostly limited to the eastern Punjab and the southern Sfndh pnMnces. However. In re<:ent months. Hazaras living In Quetta , capital ofthe mostfy bibal southwestem BaJochIstan Province ,have become a target-IIRlN, July 17, 2003) .nknown snipers gunned down nine Shiite Muslims at their place ofworship In karachi •a southern port cIiy In Paldstan •a poIlca oflJcer told AFP [Agenc:e France Presse)... ttwo men came on a motorcycle and one of them took out a gun IookIno like a Kalashnlkov and sprayed buueta on the people going inside Ihe lmambarvah fer evening pray8t.·AnwerHussain, an eyewitness and SUMvortold AFP.-(17Je Age. February 23. 2003) • 2002 Aghting continued between Sunni and Shia communities. In addition. government officials. Pakistani Christians and foreigners were targeted by militant Muslim groups. _asked gunmen have shot dead three Shla Muslims and Injured two others outside a mosque In Pakistan ... Itwas not dearwho was behind the shooting, but vIoIeMe between oppoU1g miitanta from the majority SUnni and mfnority Shfa communities has dalmed hundred ofIves In Paklaian in recent years.·(SSC News. June 18, 2002) • total of 10 pateeI bombs were sent CD oftIcIals in KarachI en 16 and 11 October. Three ofthem expIoded,lnjurInQ nine people, whlfe the othens were defused... The pan:eI bombs appeared to be aimed at the Paklstanf establshment, o1ftcials art..-[BBC News. October 31. 2002) Ahe Christian c::oqununity in Pakistan has been the worst hit by extremist 8Uacks tNet thepaat year -more Christians have died In these Incidents than from any other conununfty. The targeting ofthe hOspital and school, and now1he Karachi chaItty. are the faf8st in a sertes ofattadcs against spedftcally CIufstian missions or places ofWOtShfp.-ISBC News, 8eptember 25. 2002] -st1:CIty w:st="on"> Karachi Witnessed an atIack on the US consulate In June and a auIdde bombing against French naval engineets In May.-(BBC News. september25,2002] 2001 Sectarian violence persisted in 2001 with attacks by extremists from all sides. ,.. '" I""",. . . Q o rca~" ,. u. ~ ."/ Sunnl extremists changed their strategy to targeting prqminent community members such as doctors, lawyers a.nd businessmen. • once In PaldUan I1targest city KarachI are under Intense Pr8SSUrelo end en upsurge In sectarian murders ofdocbaand other professionals In Ihe city. Extremlsta from the majority Sunnl cOmmunity have been blamed for the IdWng of four ShIa dodorI since Apt1I. as wed althe high profile murder of the head of Pakbtan Sta1e Oil. Shaukat Mirza. Fanab from both sides have canted out many deadly attacb In Katachl over the years. but the new tactic Is to target promfnent penonaIldea In the community.-(SSC. september 3.2001) 2000 Although violence has declined since the militaly coup of october 1999. sectarian ten~ions persisted between the majority Sunnl and the minority Shiate Muslim groups In Karachi. The killing of prominent religious leaders and political activists resulted In violent protests. In September. Pakistani police arrested 250 ~mbers of the hardline Sunnl Muslim group. Sipah-e-8ahaaba. Other police and anny operations targeted the two leading ethnically-based parties In Sindh, the Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM) and Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM). " (Soun:es: BSC News. 13 September 2000.21 September2000) .asked gunmen ambushed a school van.1dUfng five Sunnl MusIfrM and wounding three others In the lateat round ofrellQfoul violence In Karachi •PakIstan • pollee said. The attack ted to violent protests. with hundreds of Sunnl Muslim students pelting poUce wfth stones, 88Ufng cara on Ire and vandallzlng bIlIboaIdl.·(R6ute~ andAS$OCiatedPress. 28 January 2001) • prominent Pakistanii'eUgioulleadet has been shot dead in KarachI ... Or Quresht. Is a former leader ofJamsat-e IsIamI (Party of Islam) and a focmer memberof the Sindh provincial assembly. In recent years, Dr Qureshi hadsuppolted calls tw islamic law to be introduced In Pakistan .-(BBC News. 18 December2000) • leaderof. ainaJI Pakistani Shute Mua&m group has been shot dead In U1e IOU1hem dty of Karachi • Police say S8rdar Husaaln Jafrf. who headed the IitIfe..known group caJted the vOIce OfShia. died on the spot. A person who Identifted himself88 RIaz BaInI, leader ofthe extremist antl-Shlite group, Lashkar-e-Jhangvl. phoned the SBC shortly after the attack to claim mponsIbiUty.'(BBC News, 15 May 2000) It.ararnUituy rangers and poUce In SIndh province launched a crackdown against aetMsts and leaders ofthe JSQM and theMQMon FebnJaly 19, 2000 after the two parties jointly called fora strike against the governments dismissal of400 PakIstan Steel MIls workers. Paramlltary troops and rangers responded with searth and siege operations In the cities and a searth forJSQM ae:tMsts In tural8l88s of Slndh. resultfng In the arrestofabout forty adivIsts.-span 1ang='"EN-CA- styIp'"rnso-IJfdf..t)n-slze: 10.0pt; font·famUy: Aa1a1; mso-bkfl..t)nt·famiIy:,T1mes New Roman; mso-anaI-tanguage: EN.CA~ [1UnM RlIhU WMch %001 Wortd Report) 1999 Despite the central government. imposition ofGovern0r8 Rule in late 1998 in response to Sindh violence. politICal and sectarian killings 'persisted in Karachi. albeit at a much reduced level. The intensity of the violence dropped even further after the military assumed federal powers in an October coup. Itolitically motivated violence and sectarfan violence continued to be aproblem, although In the weeks following the 0dDbet12 coup there were few Ifany reported casea ofsuch violence. Govemor's Rule, Imposed to correctaserIoUs law and onfer problem created In part by poIitfcaI tensions In the province. continued In Slndh untl the coup.-/span> ( PaWan OXIntryRepott on Human Rights Practk;e$ for 1999, BureauofDetnocraey. Human RIghts, and Labor. US Department of State. February. 2000) 1998 In 1998 tit-tor-tat killings between the Muttahida Qami Movement (MQM) and a break-away faction inc.reased the level ofviolence in Karachi _, "heMQU. which changed Ita name to Mutfahlda Qaml Movementfrom 1MMohaJirQamI Movement. Is locked In a bfaody conflict with a dissident 1adfon called theMQM Haqlql. Hundreds ofpeople have died In f8Ceflt months In tIt.fOr4at killings by the mHitants of the two 1aclfons.'(1be AssociatedPress. November20. 1998) ....cethe early summer more Chan 100 people i;I1 the city have died In gun battfes between rival pofltical factions each month. In recentdays the violence has gathered pace.-[The Guan1ian Weeldy. 0Ct0bet 18, 1998. p5] Number of Deaths: Total: Estimates range upwards from 5.000. Ahousands ofSunnl and Shia Muslins have been kiDed in Pakistan over the past two decades In sectarian violence fueled by htto://ww'W.oloumshares.ca/cnntAnt/ AnR/ A~Rnn / A~Rnn-p~lt;~~" "'+",,1 ----- -------- - ---- Armea liOntllCt Keport ~UUU - t"8K1stan . ~ . O· . extremist outfits of the two Muslim sects.·[/RIN. July 17,2003) o t'8ge.~ ot 8 • ~ .... 4. ..... '" b6 b7C "heMOM launched an anned uprising In 1993 after the city government was dismissed, and brought KarachI to Its tcnees.1e8vIng more than 5.000 people dead and afppIIng the economy of PakIstan .. main c:ommetdal centre. Karachi" descent reached Its nadir last year when more than 2.000 people, including 242 poIce otIk:ers, dfed In nfghUy street baUfes.· [. st1 :Clty w:sta'"on'"> Karacht pays high price for peace.'John Stackhouse. Globe a['d Uall. OCtober28. 1998) 2004 Between 100 and 170 people, primarily civilians, were reported killed in sporadic Intercommunal violence. ftroops have been caRed In to maintain order In tbe Paldstanl ctty of Mullan after a car bomb kJISed at least 40 people at a meetInG of Sunnl Musllms.·(SBC News, October 7,2Q0.4]· • lit least 11 people have died In a gun attack on the motorcade ofthe army commanderIn Pakistan's lOutbem ctty of Karachi •the authorities say. [BBC News. June 10,2004] Itonce In the Pakistani city of Karachi have ftt'8d tear gas at thousands ofangry mourners after an attack on a Shls mosque killed at least 20.'ISBCNews, June 1, 2004] • bomb attack on a packed Shls mosque In the southern Pakistani city of Karachi has left at least 15 people dead, ofllclals say•• [BBC News, May 7, 2004) .. lit least 42 people have been killed and over 100 wounded In an atiac:k on Shla Musftms In the Paldstanl city of Quetta , hospital ofllclals say.'[BBC News. March 2,2004) 2003 Independent media reports indicate that approximately 100 hundred people, the majority of them Shia Muslim civilians, were killed in 2003. ~violence and tensions continued to be a serious problem uuoughout the country••• At least 100 persons were kiUed In sectarian violence durfng the year, mostcan1ed out by unldentifted gunmen.-(US State Depattment ofState. Mountry Repods on Human RJQhts PractIces· 2003.·February 25. 2004] 2002 A number of media reports estimate that dozens of people were killed in sectarian violence and attacks on government officials. Ahere have been sevenli attacks on foreign targets In Sindh induding".... S A suicide attack on a navy bUs In KarachI In May which IcIIJed 1.. people•••• SA eat bomb at the US consulaf8 in Karachi In June, which killed 12 peopIe.-[SSC News. september 24,2002) .tleast 36 people have been killed and about 100 Injured In sevetal violent attacks this year against Christian and western targets••• Police in Karachi have arrested dozens of alleged Muslim extremists in connecUon with the recent attacks on Christian targets•• ISBC News. september29, ~OO2J 2001 According to at least one Pakistani media source, more than 50 people were killed in sectarian violence in Karachi. • AIle highest number of tsrrorist atfacks was recorded In Karachi where In 33 incidems,54 pefSOI1S were kIaed. The second [highest) . remained FATA. where 81 pelSCX1SWet8 killed In seven Inddenta ofsectarlan violence. Dera lsamilKhan remained [third highest) where 10 people were kiUed and 19 injured In 8 terrorist attacks. 1.. people were IcIHed and 8 InjunKI In 5 attacks In lahore ,,,killed and 3 Injured in 3 incidents In Multan ... kiIIed in 2 at MaiIsy.·(PakNews. August 21, 2001] 2000 At least 25 people were kiUed in Karachi ,mostly due to sectarian violence. Marlier. gunmen riding In two C8IS Intercepted a van belonging to the~Madrfa Sunnl Muslim school on a congested road and opened fire with automatic assauft rifle$, wItne8ses said. 1111'88 deftcI. a teenage studentand the drlveiwere kIIed Immedlatefy, while three other people.lnc:fudlng a poUceman guarding the van, were wounded. police said.·[ReutaI3 and AasocIaIed Press, 28 January 2001] • • ItaldstanlIawyerand Shite leader has been shOt deed by unidentified gunmen In KarachI. Waqar,NaqvI, .'ieidot~Orthe ShIIte group. Tehrik+JafMa. was Idled along with his teen.son and his driver as"he"was taking his c:hDdren,1D schoOl No group has said Itcanied out the leiltfnga. but a spokesman for Tehrik+Jaftiia Hasan Turabl blamed a mlHtant SuMI Muslim group - SIpaha Sshaba ~aJdstan .'(BSCNews, 7 April 2000] - , .. , , .. , .... ..--. ........... -_ ...... _ ......... -- It!' ·1U1Tl8a vOnTtlct Naport ~UW - t"aKJstan o .rale ti Of 9 "here " has been wfdeIpread cPatuptfon In the Pakistani dty of KarachI •foIfowfng the IcIBng of.a pmmInent...SunNIMudm~ MullahrUMLudhIanvf. tit Ludhianvr. drtvetwas alsO kited and his son serlouIIy wounded.-lBBC IHWI. 18 May 2000] 1999 At least 75 people were killed in Karachi due to'political violence. i!espfte improved security conditions underGovernocis Rule. bnwore 75 deaths 1hat were presumed to be the resutt of poIItJcaI violence In Kar8chI.~1 Pakittan Countly Repotfon Human R1Qhb Practk:ea for 1999. Bureau of Demoaacy, Human RIghts. and Labor. US DepaI1mentofState. FebnJary.2000J 1998 More than 1,000 people died in violence. (Aasociated PreS$. November20. 1998] .tleast 750 people have been kIIJed In KaraChI this year. mainly. says tt1e MOM. as a result of attacks on Itself by a breakaway factlon.-(T1Je Economist. November7. 1998) Political Developments: 2004 President Pervez Musharraf will remain head of the army and government until at least 2007, after a bill passed in Pakistan • lower house extended his tenure in both roles_ Musharref also named Shaukat Aziz, a political novice, as Prime Minister in August_ Although the government ordered an inquiry in~o a March attack on civilians, several strikes were called (mainly in Sindh province) to protest government handling of the conflict. The Sindh provincial govemment failed to fonn a fBoalition of national unity-with the seven opposition parties In an attempt to stem the tide of conflict and the minister of the Sindh province resigned after violence escalated in June_ US President Bush declared Pakistan a ttajor ally·in recognition of its contribution to the fight against al-Qaeda allowing Pakistan access to special benefi~ including expanded foreign aid and priority delivery of military equipment. -st1:pIace w:st="on"> Pakistan's lower house of par1iament has passed a blH allowing Gen Pervez Mushanafto remain as both president and head of the amy. The biD will artaw the president to keep both posts unUl2007.-(BBC News. OCtober 14. 20041 ahe reins of pa.ver ~e once again been handed overIn PaJdstan •And once again. It's a man hand.pIcked by the c:ountry'a military ruler. Gen Pervez Musharraf. And though it has all been done constitutionaJJy. the question being asked Is whethera poIitk:aJ novICe Ike Shaukat AzJz. has the competence and capability to deal with the counby's complex poIitJcal and laW and Older situation. or even bigger issues IJke combatfng aJ.Qaeda-backed terrorism.·(BSC News, August 28. 2004] . • atln Paldstan the chief ministerof the southern province ofSindh has resigned aftera series of'vIol8nt Jnddents over the last few weeks. The provincial governor told reporters that chief ministerAU Mohammed Mehr had JeSlgned b'petIOn8I reasons.-[SBC News. June 7.2004] • strike called by Pakistan 's hardllne Islamic paItfes In r8sponse to a week of sectarian violence has been aJmost fully obserVed In' Karachi. There were sporadic reports ofunrest as worshippers attended Friday prayers In 1he tense southern dty~:[BBCNews, ,June ".2004] • Ahe govemin9 Pakistan Muslim League party (PML) In the southern pnMnce of SIndh has offeced lofonn a coalition with seven opposition parties. It wants to form a government ofnational unity In Sindh to tackle the law and order crisis thenJ. The move comes after three days of \riolence betweenShuand Sunnls left over 23 people dead In the provincial capital. Karachi •But there Is disagreement as to who should be the d1lef mlnister.-(BBC News. June 3, 2004J JluthOfftles In Pakistan have ordered an Inqulty Into an attack on Shla Muslims which left at least 43 people dead as they marked the holy day ofAshwa. A curfew Is in place In the clty of Ouetta wheAt the attack took place. with soldiers patrolling Its snet:s.-(BBC News. Marth 3. 20041 . 2003 The leader of the militant Sunni organization Miffat-e Isrami-ye Pakistan (MIP) was assassinated in OCtober, leading to rioting in Islamabad. The govemment· sustained a crackdown on banned Sunni and Shia militant groups and arrested their leaders. President Musharrafcontinued to support US Initiatives in the J§ar"on terror-In neighbouring Afghanistan •a position not welcomed by many Pakistani citizens. b7E - ----------- o --~- '0 ~ITP [IsIamI Tahrfk-e PaJdstan)Ieader. sajld N8qvf. was anested In a late-nlght taJd In 1aIamabad. but iwas notckt8rwhether his 8IT'8ItwuIn his c;apacIty aUte leaderofthe MCfatian outftt. orbecawe he Is deged to have been InvcMId In the nwnSet of his mllf rtval.AzamTariq:of the MIP;Who was gunned down In • hal ofbuleta by unknown aasaJIanta earty lastmonth near the Paldltanl_.......__-, capltal.-(/R/N. November 17. 2003) 2002 lri'.aanUaJYi the' go~emment ~nn.~.!i"e mill1aDtlslam1egnS(i"ps. Induding the-Slpah- 8abaha-Pakisfan and TehnlC-I.Jaffiiiia. Ai\umber of groups reacted to the ban and to Pakistan" support of the US-Ied liar on terror'by.attacking foreigners and Pakistani Christians. prompting the Christian community to demand protection from the government and the international community. The government responded by introducing new security measures around non~uslim places ofworship. Fighting continued between the Sunn; and Shia communities in Sindh despite govemment efforts to increase security in the province• " .. . • sulclde bomberblew up a bus y88tanIaY In Paldatan • port city of KsIIChI.1dlIfnQ 1<4 people. mostof them FnN1Ch nationals· lndudlng himself••• Many expeItI say It"pointed nstaHaifon at Pakistani PresIdentPeNN Mushanatll cradcdown on ItIamIc mUhant groups and for slowing US IIaaps to ClOSS the Palcktanl border to hunt down AJ Qeeda flghtera••• Some expodI are pointing to MuUahIda Quami Uovement.••·(1he Chmtlan Sdenc:e Monitor. May 9. 20021 • 2001 In August the government of the Province of Sindh initiated a crackdown on Islamic militants, arresting more than 200 people in raids. • aIIce In PaJdstan have detained more than 200 peoplenraids on mBJtant islamic homes and oftJc:es In KarachI Mel the southem SIndh provfnce. The c:rackdown was launched aftet the Slndh pruvk\dal governorImposed a ban on fundraIsIng In the name ofjihad. or holy war.-[CNN. August 22. 2001) 2000, Facing increasing pressure from the international community to restore democracy, military leader General Pervez Musharraf ruled out the possibility of holding general elections or reviving the suspended Pakistan parliament within the next two years. (SotJn:es: BBCNews. 12 OCtober 2000: SSC News. 13 Odober2000] 1999 On October 12, Prime Minister Mian Nawaz Sharifwas ousted from power in a bloodless milftary coup led by Army Chief of Staff General Pervez Musharraf. ItOln OCtober 12. the eJeded dviRan gowmmentof Prime .....-Mfan NawazSluutfwasoverthrown In a bl0odiess coup led by Army ChiefofStaffGenenal PeNeZ Mushanaf.· (PaIdstJln Country Repotton Human RIghts Ptac1/t:e$ for 1999. Buteau of DemactaCY. Human Rfohts. and labor. US Departmentof state. Februaly. 2000) 1998A month after the MQM walked out of the provincial government coalition, the .. federal prime minister. Nawaz Sharif. declared GOvemorti Rule (a state of emerger:acy) in Karachi • called out the army to quell the violence. and announced the establishment of military courts for the city. JIrfme Minister Nawaz Shariftoday dedansd a stile ofemergency and called out the anny to queI violence thathas killedmen Ih8n 1.000 people In the port city OfKatachl. Sharffalso annaunc:ed Ute estabIIshm8nt ofmiUtaly courts In Karac:hl_·(Assoc:Ieted Press. November20., 19981 Ahe MOM has since watJced out of1he SlndhcoaJltfon. and on October30th the feder.d prime minJst8r;Nawaz ShatIf. placed the provfnc:e under direct rule from Isfamabad .·(1be ~.November7. 1998. p41] • Mast week Mr. Sharif bolstered his pOSition ewm fuf1her. lbe lower house ofthe Natfonal Assembly passed a BII Jmposlng Islamic law on the country desplts stiff resisfance from a coalition ofopposition parties. -[The GuaR'lian WHIdy. OCtober 18. 1998. p5) Background: The migration of Indian Musflms (mohajirs) into Sindh province following the 1947 Indla..pakistan partition~ combined ~ a more recent influx of large numbers of Pashtuns and Punjabis. created economic tensions with the indigenous. generally poorer, Muslim population. These have fed a .http://www.ploughshares.ca/content!ACRIA~~nn I A 1'\""'" - ~ • _ Armea ~Ont1lct Heport 2UUU -Oklstan ~ o '" complexity of conflict. Sindhis are calling for a Sindhi state; the mohajirs, led by the MQM, are seeking a separate state around the provincial capital, Karachi; and there are sectarian differences ~tween'the majority Sunni and minority ShiJite Muslims. The proximity of the Afghanistan war has fed the violence by providing weapons. crimina) elements, including drug traffickers, and reported foreign support for Muslim extremism. From June 1992 to November 1994 the Pakistan Army was deployed in a major, and ultimately unsuccessful, operation to control Karachi and after the anny. withdrawal, police and paramilitary troops contributed to a rising toll of·shooting deaths in the cityFollowing earfy 1997 elections, the MQM joined the majority Muslim League in the national and Sindh provincial governments. A month after the MQM walked out ofthe provinCial government coalition in late 1998, the then federal prime miQister. Nawaz Sharif, declared Govemor1fl Rule (a state ofemergency) in Karachi, called out the anny to quell the violence, and announced the establishment of military courts for the city_ Since a coup in OCtober 1999, the Pakistan government has been controlled by the military under General Pervez Musharraf and sectarian violence has declined. The Pakistani government intensified its crackdown on militant sectarian groups following the 2001 US invasion and occupation of Afghanistan , fueling further resentment between the extremist groups and the government Several attempts have been made in r~t years on President Musharraftii life. QCJn Slndh, open gun battles between the MuhajlrQaumi Movement (MQM), which represents Urdu-epeaJdng migrants from India , S1ndhllandlonllashkars (private milltfas) and the anny are daily occurrences. TheMQM has begun to ."..b' the sepAt8tJon of Karachi tram the rest of the provfnce. VIolence threatens 10 pamlyze the capital. even though the anny has had dlr8c:t msponslbtRty for Its administration slnce June. 1992.Aplan announced recently to replace the miIitaty presence with police and rangers Is unlikely to ease tensJons.-(-au:CJty w:"on'"> J<arachI,1dlIInga point to deeperstltfe,-Oxford Analytic&. Globe lind MaR, December5, 1994J .'nKarachi JDrug ttaftiddng started 10 Increase significantly aft8t 1979, and the praftts went reportedly used to fund the procurement and supply ofweapons to the (Afghanll Mujahideen. Tbe pcxt city of Karachi was an obvious exit point for drugs. By 1983, violence had started to be a dallyreature ofthedty lie. But ltwas the dosure.ofthe Punjab route Into india b11992 that started to esc:a1at8 anned vfoIenc:e, Indlsatmlnate use of automatic weapons. and dnIg Craft'lddnQ. The'Army had to be deployed to control the anned conftfct which had a multlfadous dimension, not the least being the easy avaiabIfity oflethal rnan-podable • weapons.-[ MIghtW8apons and Conflict In Southern AsIa ,-by Jasjit SIngh. Ught Weapons andIntemationll Security. BASIC et aL December 1995, pp 60J Arms Sources: The Pakistani government recently imported weapons from the United States. Netherlands. Italy , France, China. Belarus. and Ukraine. The alliancefonned between Pakistan and the US in'the • aron terror-has led to an increase in US military assistance to Islamabad. The govemmentalso depends on domestic supplies_ The rebel movements have been supplied by the "Afghan Pipeline" • US weapons during the 19808, and Eastem European anns since. (Soun:es: Wodd Military ExpenditutesandAnns Tl8nsfers 1999-2000, The Military Bslsnce 2000-2001: SIPRf YlIslOOok, 2002] -st1:country-reg1on w:sta"on-' Pakistan and the United States are slated to begin talks this week on arms sales, with V'l8shlngton now ready to loosen its Iong-stancfmg ban on sales ofImpoc1ant mllftary equipment to PaJdstan ••• [in the 1990sJ W'ashington &1arted an anllS embargo... to protest PaJdsfan Ii nuctear program.•• But Pakistan. alliance with the Unitad States In Its waragainst terrorism has radically changed the situation. After meeting with Paldafanl President pecvez Mushanaf In June, President Bush promised Pakistan up to $1.5 billion rn military aJd.-(Vo«:e ofAmedca , September 18, 2OO3J ItakistanJ security fon:es have recovered a cache ofanns••• that went being smuggledhmthe counflyfi lrbaIal88S, police saJd wednesday••• rIVe Russian missiles, five rocket launchers wiIh shells. 121ca1aahnllcov riftes..sevet8I otherguns and thousands of rounds of ammunition••• wenJ coming from the tribal area of Bara nearthe Afghan border. saki senior secret police otnc:erAshraf Khan. _heMare an modem, foreIgn-made anna. The large quantity Indfcates that they were meant for some subversive aetJvfty or for use In sedarlan violence In ~njab province,-Khan told AfP.-[Agence Franca Presse, January 1. 2003) • majordefence exhibition is opening today Tuesday In Pakistan 's largest city, KarachI. The show is Intended to focus PakJan's atlempls to launch In., the arms export nuuttet; mons than forty faIeIgn delegations are clue to 8U8nd...Most of the annaments factories In Paldstan are state-nm and produce weapons for the anned forces. but Iho·BBC Islamabad correspondent says they're seen as under-dlzed and a drak1 on pubUc spending.-[SSe News, 1. November2000J ilubln [fonner Director of the Fulbright FoundationJ obseMs that often ofBdals ofthe patty miIitafy commitf8e (who received the weapons) would sign a false recelpt for more anns than had adualy been receMKS. The diffet8nce was then sold to private arms dealefs by lSI oftIcers, the profit being shared by both parties. Agreat deal ofmoney appeared to have been made In this manner and was Invested largely In the drug trade.-[-st1:pIace w:stz"on-' Southern AsIa: The Narcotics and 'Neapons Unkage,-Tara Kartha. Ught We~pons andInternational Security, BASIC et ai, December 1995.. p.73J. '.'.... ... ... '. ARMED CONELIC~S RI;.P0.BI PAGE; l' ,-. '.01; v :_ Project Ploughshares Institute of Peace and ContUet StudIes. Conrad Grebel College Waterloo, Ontario, canada N2L 3G6 tel (519) 888 6541 (ax (519) 8850806 aU rights reserved ~ EMAIL '. •,.6 _TlME.com PrintPage: NatioroExclusive: Feds Probe a Top DemOCCORelation~p wi... Page 1of3 TIME NATION ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/1sg - Friday, Oct. 20, 2006 Exclusive: Feds Probe a Top Democrat's Rela.tionship with AIPAC The Department of Justice is investigating whether Rep. Jane Harman and the pro-Israel group worked tog~ther to get her reappointed as the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee By TIMOTHY J. BURGERJWASHINGTON Did a Democratic member ofCongress improperly enlist the support ofa major pro-Israel lobbying group to try to win a top committee assignment? That's the question at the heart ofan ongoing investigation by the FBI and Justice Department prosecutors, who are examining whether Rep. Jane Harman ofCalifornia and the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) may have violated'the law in a scheme to getHannan reappointed as the top Democrat on theHouse intelligence committee, according to knowledgeable sources in and out ofthe U.S..government. The sources tell~that the investigation by Justice and the Federal Bureau ofInvestigation, which has simmered out ofsight since about the middle oflast year, is examining whether Harman and AIPAC arranged for wealthy supporters to lobby House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi on Harman's behalf: Harman said Thursday in a voicemail message that any investigation of- or allegation ofimproper conduct by.-· her would be "irresponsible, laughable and scurrilous." On Friday, Washington GOP super lawyer Ted Olson left voicemail messages underscoring that Hannan has no knowledge ofany investigation. "Congresswoman Hannan has asked me to follow up on calls you've had," Olson said. "She'is not aware ofany such investigation, does not believe that it is occurring, and wanted to make sure that you and your editors knew that as far as she knows, that's not true....' No one from the Justice Department has contacted her.n It is . not, however, a given that Harman,would know that she is under investigation. In a follow-up phone call from California, Olson said Hannan hired him this morning because she takes seriously the possibility ofa media report about an investigation ofher, even though she does not believe it herself. Aspokesman for AIPAC, a powerful Washington-based organization with . more than 100,000 members across the U.S., denied any wrongdoing by the group and stressed that it is not taking sides in regards to the committee assignment. Spokespersons for Justice and the FBI decline4 to comment. The'case is a spin-offofa probe that has already led to charges under the Espionage Act against two AlPAC lobbyists, whose case is still pending, and to a 12-and-a-half-year prison sentence for fonner Defense Intelligence Agency official Lawrence A. franklin. Franklin pleaded guilty a year ago http://www.time.comltimelnaQonlprin!outlO.88I~, 1.S49Q~9,OO.h~1 TIME.com Print Page: Nati0ne>Exclusive: Feels Probe a Top DemocrabRelationship wi... Page 2 of3 to three felony counts involving improper disclosure and handling of classified information about the Middle East and terrorism to the two lobbyists, who in tum are. accused ofpassing it on to ajoumalist and a foreign government, widely believed to be Israel. The two lobbyists, who have denied any wrongdoing but were dismissed by AlPAC in April of 2005, were indicted on felony counts ofconspiring with government officials to receive classified infonnation they were not authorized to have access to and providing national defense infonnation to people not entitled to receive it. Around mid-200S, the investigation expanded to cover aspects ofHannan's quiet but aggressive campaign to persuade House Minority LeaderNancy Pelosi to reappoint her to the prestigious position on the House intel panel. The alleged campaign to support Hannan for the leadership post came amid media reports that'Pelosi had soured on her California colleague and might name Rep. Alcee Hastings ofFlorida, himselfa major supporter of Israel, to succeed Harman. Th~ sources say the probe also involves whether, in exchange for the help from AIPAC, Hannan agreed to help try to persuade the Administration to go lighter on the AIPAC officfals caught up in the ongoing investigation. If that happened, it might be construed as an illegal quid pro quo, depending on the context ofthe situation. But the sources cautiQn that there has been no decision to charge anyone and that it is unclear whether Hannan and AIPAC acted o~ the idea. AIPAC spokesman Patrick Dorton denies that the organization has engaged in any improper conduct.. "Both Congressman Hastings and Congresswoman Hannan are strong leaders on issues ofimportance to the pro-Israel community and would be exemplary Democratic leaders for the House intelligence committee,tI Dorton said. IIAlPAC would never engage in a quid pro quo in relation to a federal investigation or any federal matter and the notion that it would do so is preposterous. AIPAC is not aware that the Justice Department is looking into issues involving the intelligerice committee, and has not been asked any questions or contacted by the government on this matter, but certainly would cooperate with any inquiry." Dorton added that AlPAC has previously been assured that the organization and its current employees' are not being investigated.. In this same investigation, the JU$tice Deparbnent has previously suggested that AlPAC had questiQnable motives in trying to help a valued government contact remain in a sensitive national security post. The Justice Department alleges in its indictment ofFranklin that he asked one ofthe two AlPAC lobbyists to "put in a good word" for him in seeking assignment to the National Security Council. The document says the AlPAC official noted that such ajob would put Franklin "by the elbow ofthe Presidentll and said he would lido what I can." AIPAC lists praise from Pelosi among a series ofquotes from world leaders on its website: "The special relationship between the United States·and Israel is as strong as it is because ofyour [AIPAC's] fidelity to that partnership..." But congressional sources say Pelosi has been infuriated by http://www.tim~.comltimtVna~onlprintoutlO.8816. 1549069,00.html 1012312006 TIME.com Print Page: NalionOXclusiV!l: Feds Probe a TQp Democra()ReIaliOnSbiPwi... Page 3 of3 pressure from some major donors lobbying on be~alf ofHannan. In a story touching on tensions between Pelosi'and Hannan, an alternative California publication, LA. Weekly, r~orted in May that Harman "had some major contributors call Pelosi to'impress upon her the importance ofkeeping Jane in place. According to these members, $is tactic, too, hasn't endeared Hannan toPelosL" Acongressional source tells TIME that the lobbbying for Harman has included a phone call several months ago from entertainment industry billionaire and major Democratic party contributor Haim Saban. A Saban spokeswoman said he could not be reached for comment. Aphone call pushing for a particular member's committee assignment might be unwelcome, but it would not normally be illegal on its own. And it is unclear whether Saban - who made much ofhis fortune with the Mighty Morphin PowerRangers children's franchise-mewthat lobbying Pelosi might be view~d by others as part ofa larger alleged plan. Saban has donated at least $3,000 to Harman's campaign, according to Federal Election Commission records, and the Saban Center for Middle East Policy, which he sponsors at the prestigious Brookings Institution, boasts Hannan among its biggest fans. "When the Saban Center talks, I listen," Hannan said at aSaban Center briefing in Feb~ary on U.S. strategy in Iraq. Hannan quipped that, in order to attend the session at Brookings, she had to "blow off" .a senior intelligence official's appearance before a House committee. ' " Copyright0 2006 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction In whole or in part without permission is prohibited. PriYaey Polley .http://www.time.coml~melpati9n1priQtol:ltlQ.88~6J1549069.OO.html 10123/2006 ........ _ ............ o'\..................~ "... i .i} <;' ..; {, .:. ;~: {t t,i ~ .> ~ <>~ 'f ~~1 ~ .&. } ~ ~.. r> • " } ,~ ~ .. - • "" ...... ~ t} .,_ .... <.. ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS lTNCLASSIFIED DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/1sg Jo .. t. 0 ,be\) 1/ I bying group, where he had worked since 1993. His job combined research and,efforts to influence US government policy. He had a good grasp ofthe political and cultural CUrrents ofthe Middle East, hav... ing studied in Iran and Egypt and earned a PhD in Middle East history at the Univer.. sity ofChicago. . Weissman's wife, Deborah, a lawyer and former investigator with .the ,Sec'urities and Exchange Commission, be~me anxious when told of the FBI meeting. She urged her husband to take someone. with him to the appointment, such as AIPAC general counsel Philip Friedman. Her in-. stincts \vere sound. O'Donnell's assurance to Weissman that "I'm sure you didn't do anything" was a feint_ . Weissman agreed to meet O'Donnell in Washington six days later and "have a cup ofcoffee and [find] a quiet place and we can talk.." - When Weissman pressed O'Donnell, seeking to find out what the FBI was after,. he was told, according to an FBI n:anscript, that the bure_au wanted to tap "yourexpertis~ with some different countries .•.. that you've studied and written on and done :some research.. I~'s that kind ofstuff•." That was plausible..Weissman, then 52, was a senior analyst for the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AlPAC),Wash", in$ton'.$ most influential pro-Israel lob.,. O'Donncli worked at the FBI's Washing-ton Field Office at Fourth and F streets, Northwest. The city-block-size.WFO, as it's known, serves as the nerve center of the government's low-key but expansive efforts to track leaks ofsecrets to foreign countries. Its targets aren't just America's enemies; allies and friends hunge~ after each odler's closely held information. • Steven Rosen, fonner director of foreign- Russian espionage continues unabated policy issues for the American Israel Public after the collapse ofthe Soviet Union. An Affairs Co",miltee, is charged with receiving American agent in Paris was caught try~ and sharing secret defense information. ing to steal French trade s~crets. Despite 1L..--_-----1b7E Mark M,mhews (mmatth2112@aol.com) is a firmer Baltimore Sun diplomatie and Middle East correspondent. He is the author ofLost "a~: .Bush, Sharon and FaU"re in the Middle East, published lasifall. - - 761 WASHINGTONIAN IJANUARY 2008 Thomas O'Donnell didn'r reveal his job when he phoned Keith Weissman in 2004 and got the policy analfst's wife.Hesays h~ didn't want to scare her. When Weissman returned the call and found out O'Donnell was an FBI agent, his first reaction was to attempt a joke: "What did I do?" "I'm sur~ you didn't do anything," O'Donnell told him. H~ wanted to meet that day, for five or ten minutes, and get Weissman's help on something "that I can't talk about on the telephone." Weissman was calling from his cell phone, standing outside a New Balance shoe store near Boston. He turned down the invitation to meet with O'Donnell.:. "That's a little tOO c.ryptic for me. I'm on vacation with my family.." O'Donnell was in Boston, and he offered an explanation for why h~ was there_. H~ said he had been sent for the Democrati~ National Convention "and some other matters..." The political convention, where the FBI kept watch for violent demonstra' lors,had wrapped up a few days earlier at Boston's Fleet Center. , ~~ , -~). ~ .... ~ (; I 1 ~ H:I .) tt d~ <: 'r .'. ~ ..:. ... .g. " I;' , ;1 I · , MATTHEVJS • Q ~ .•' '.- ..,;:... disclaimers, Israel is reponed to be on e lookour for any information that will Ip preserve a military edge over regional .emies and expand its exports ofweap'" try and technology..The United States, turn, is alert for signs that Israel is selling i1itary hardware to China. "There has been, for some:;. time) seriIS concern about Israeli espionage in the .5;" says Vincent Cannistraro, a former IA veteran who also held intelligence )sts at the White House and Pentagon. he FBI) h~ adds) "puts Israel up along" je China as espionage threats..)) . In 2000, CBS's 60Mintltesbroadcast the sguised voice ofan unnamed CIAofficial. ying, "We believe that there have been Jmerous documented instances in which le Israelis have sllccessfullv recruited US .:rsons to spy forthem." '. ' O'Donnell's call prompted Weissman ) try to reach his boss) Steven Rosen) IPAC's director offoreign-policy issues. oscn, then 62, was a former academe. • A political scientist with a PhD from yracuse, he had taught at Brandeis, the fniversity of ritJsburgh, and Australian (ational University and cowrote a text-· ook, TIle Logie ojlnternat;onal J{eJations. Ie joined AIPAC in 1982 after four years -ith the Rand Corporation, where he held top-secret seeuii,)' clearance to work on projects for the CIA..While at Rand, he be~. eame acquainted with a promising young graduate student, Condoleezza Rice, who was working there temporarily. Weissman didn't want to call Steven Ro·. sen's cell phone;, he thought his boss should be sitting down when he heard about the FBI call. As it turned out) Rosen also had gotten a message from an FBI agent who wanted to talk to him about a "field investigation." When the two AIPAC officials speculat'!. ed over the phone about what the FBI was after, th~y turned up one possibility: Th~ • Former AIPAC analyst Keith Weissman was also charged in the secrecy investigation. Convictions could mean ten years in prison for Weissman and up to 20 years for Rosen. investigators' interest had been piqued by information the lobbyists had supplied to the Washington Post ~o weeks earlier.. Still, Rosen was reluctan~ to act defensive, which would suggest that their organiza-. cion was involved in "nefarious things." Rosen returned the FBI's call and spoke with agent Catherine Hanna.. "Is this a criminal matted)) he asked•. . "No," she replied. That afternoon, Hanna and partner Robert Porath went to Rosen's AIPAC office on First Street near Union Station.. The agents told Rosen that the FBI was updating the security clearance of Pentagon analyst Lawrence Franklin and was interviewing his contacts as part ofa back... ground investigation,.. Franklin was the J,>entagon desk officer for Iran, a subject ofdeep interest to Rosen.. The FBI had turned up some possible security issues, the agents said, including the fact that Franklin may have stored classified documents at his house... According to the agents' not~, Rosen said he had met with Franklin about three times, but the two had never discussed classified information, nor had Franklin shared any with him. Asking for classified information, Rosen told the agents, was "a quick Wa}' to ruin relationships.." -Weissman kept his appoitltme~tthe JANUARY 20081 WASHINGTONIAN 177 I , ~ I ! I · ·1 ., · ii : .' .. o In fact, what the US attorney called the "dear line in the law" isn't dear at all, particularly where the question ofintent coines into play. When the case comes to trial in late ~pril, assistant US attorneys Kevin DiGregoiyand William N. Hammerstrom Jr.. will have to meet a big burden ofproof•. Showing that Rosen and Weissman obtained, talked about', and relayed sensitive national-defense information won't be enough. Prosecutors will have to prove that the two men did so knowing that ifthe information were revealed, it would damage US national security and also knowing tha~ disclosing it was illegal.; Convincing ajury that Rosen and Weissman possessed this criminal state ofmind won't be easy.,TQ counter the charge, defense lawyers intend to lay bare th.e largely hidden world ofbackchannel Washington diplomacy. They will try to'show that senior officials reg~ ularly'gave AlPl\C officials sensitive in'"' formation With the full expectation that it would be passed along t~ Israelis and others. In that way, they will comend that AlPAC played a role in developing US foreign policy. Over prosecutors' objections, defen... dams won court approval to subpoena 15 current and former top administra"l. tion officials. Their names read like the lineup for a crisis meeting in the White House Situation Room during Presi-, dent Bush's firsnerm: national-security adviser Condolee~za Rice (now secre... Robert Litt, a d~fense lawyer who has represented people caught up in leak investigations, sees the indictment of Rosen and Weissman as part ofa broad crackdown on leaks by tJle Bush admin-, istration: "People formerly in the intelligence community are looking at [the AIPAC case] and the leak investigations , widl great trepidation." But a conviction is by no means a sure thing) due in part to'an aggressiv~ dlree-year fight by the defense team, led by Abbe Lowell for Rosen and by John Nassikas III for Weissman.. The law~ yers' no·stone-unturned litigation fills a foot-thick file ofmotions and rebuttals in US District Court in Alexandria. I\. series ofrulings by the resolutely even.. handed presiding judge, T.S•. Ellis III,. has knocked $ome ofthe stuffing out of the government's case and required the Bush administration to'put some ofits top officials on the wiUless stand. o· To influence the US government or even react knowledgeably to US actions, manycountries thinkan·embassy staffed with diplomats isn't enough. They'r~ willing to pay large fees to hire Ameri... cans with contacts at high levels and an understanding ofhow po~iqmakers mation, there is a clear line in the law," then-US attorney Paul McNulty said when the indictments were announced in August 2005•. "Today's charges are about crossing that line." Rosen, Weissman, and Franklin were accused under a rarely used section of the World War ~-era Espionage Act., A conviction could land Weissman, a father ofthree, in prison for up to ten years and Rosen, also afather of. thre~ who faces an additional charge, for up to 20.. But the potential impact extends beyond these two men and AIPAC. It could also send a chill through the ranks ofWashington lobbyists and consultants for foreign governments. , \:' ~ The two AIPAC officials) hunch that a phone call to the post had found its way onto the 'FBPs radar was correct. They had shared what law-enforcement officials considered "national-defense information" with Post reporter Glenn Kessler about stepped-up Iranian activ-, ity in Iraq. Thegovernment would later charge that Rosen described it to Kes-, sler as "agency information" from an "American intelligence source." But tha~ call to the Post was a small piece ofthe story. And contrar¥~o what agent Hanna told Rosen, this was"a criminal matter.." }3y the time the agents approached Rosen and Weiss-. man, they were nearing the, final stageS ofan investigation into leaks ofclassified informa-. tion that would wreck the two men's careers and throw one of . Washington's most powerful lobby groups on the defensiv~. The FBI prQbe included hours of Wiretaps approved by the secret Foreign lntele; Iigence Surveillance Court in • Former Pentagon analyst Lawrence Franklin, middle, pleaded Washington and surveillanceof guilty to conspiracy and helped the FBI set up asting. Lawyer meetings at Washington-area r-Ia~r cach:is, left, hopes his client's cooperation will mean a restaurant$. It also included a 19 er sen nee. search ofAlPAC's offices in 2002 that ,think. Often these are ex-government appears to have been surreptitiously officials. While barred from lobbying conducted, because the offices' entrance former colleagues immediately upon is monitored 2i hours a day and no one leaving office) they nonetheless bring . appeared with a search warrant ~round valuable experience and eventually get. that time_ inside for meetings and to open doors Federai prosecutors theorized that. for foreign visitors. Rosen and Weissman had engaged in a For instance, when India was negofive- year conspiracy to cultivate govern-, tiating its 2006 civilian nuclear agree~ ment sources with 'the aim ofobtaining ment with the J3tish administrationsensitive «national-defense informa-. fraught with strategic implications for tiont which they would pass on to col-, both countries-it enlisted the lobby-. leagues at AIPAC, Israeli officials, and ing firm Barbour Griffith &Rogers for journalists. By August 2005, prosecu-: advice. The firm had previously signed tors persuaded a federal grand jury in on the former US ambassador to New Alexandria that the two NPACofficials I:;>elhi, Rob.er~ Blackwill. Although were not only assiduous in collecting Blackwill wasn't involved in getting the classified information but almost flam-. firm's India contract:, he has since been. boyant in sharing it with others.. a prominent advocate for a n~w US/In· "When it comes to classified infor~ dia partnership. . next week with O'Donnell and another . _~ agent) William McDermott, at the Sun Spot Cafe, adjacent to the lobby.of AIPAC's office building. Over a bever· age and cigarette, Weissman described having met with Franklin four or five times over the previous two years to talk about non-j\rab Middle East countries, primarily Iran) according to a court doc~ ument..The agents asked him ifFranklin had ever disclosed classified information to him or anyone else he knew, and they noted his answer: "No." , -... 78 I WASHINGTONIAN IJANUARY 2008 :JANUARY 2008 I WASHINGTONIAN 179' ! • !l I:' I t' i II ,. t ,1- !fi ;1' ~:; .1 !of; II, ':,fr', I".~ '"4! i .( J. ~f ~ ;i i !II I r!~ ~;. ~. t· ): ,\:i:.; 9 ,. ./It. J: ~ I' ~ f: .; i'":~ I ~ ': I '! Regularly ranked as one ofthe most effective lobbying organf~. zations in Washington, MPAC strives to forge closer political~ strategic, and military ties between the United States and Israel•. The group combines grassroots organizing, fundraise. ers ~apable ofpulling in tens of millions ofdollars a year, an~ a skilled )¥ashington staff that finds willing.legislative sponsors among friends in both parties. When preparing a major arms-sale to Arab allies, the Pentagon will often brief AIPAC.specialisrs before the deal is put before Congress. "For anyone who deals with the Mid-. dJe East," consultant Sandra Charles says, "!\IPAC is one of those realities you learn to work with.)) Each year, AIPAC draws thousands from across the country to its Washington ~onvention to hear spceches'-by the President, Cabinet se~retaries, top congressional leaders, and Israeli politi-. dans. Then AIPAC members move on to Capitoi Hill to lobby m~mbcrs of Congress. AIPAC has consistently lined up a large congressional majority in supPQrt of milit;uy and economic aid for Israel aii~ cooperation between the two - (CONTIN(IIID.ON rAGEJ66). Just when the FBI opened itfAIPAC probe isn't clear•. "It started a long time before I got dlcce," says David Szady, a veteran coun·, terespionage officerand leak in~tigator who in 2001 was named to the new FBI post ofnational counterintelligence exec~ utive. He declines to comment further. Why the probe beg~n remains a mystery. AJustice Department spokes..: man declined to comment on the case. Speculation centers on 1990s suspicion ofan Israeli "mole" in the national-see. curity apparatus, ongoing surveillance ofIsraelis that turned up contacts with AIPAC, or a generalla\v.enforcement search for leakers.. The question of ~ why AIPAC !ob!>yists were singled out prompted darker theories, summed up in a headline on a Wall Street ]ollrnal opinion piece by Dorothy Rabinowitz: FIRSTTHEY CAMB FORTHE JEWS. Justice D~partment lawyers knew that • a probe ofAIPAC would be controversial. Asenior participantat the time says: "It was obvious to me and to many others that an investiga'!. tion 'of this nature was going to receive a lot ofattention bee. cause o(the significance ofthe organization involved.." o ,fers to keep hidden? McNulty contend-, ed in 2005 that "those notauthorized to receive classified information must resist the tcmptation to acquire it.~ Press-freedom advocates view the case as a potential blow to newsgathering, coming on top ofcourt and prosecuto~ rial pressurc on reporters to divulge confidential sources. Think tanks and inter., est groups that specialize in ~ollecting and analyzing information on national security are worried as well. John Pike, who directs GlobalSecurity. org, an organi~tion skilled at un-· earthing national-security data from open sources, says the indictment raises this question:. "How many degrees of separation can remove you from the ob" iigation to protect information that' was .originally c1assified?"'- [Yasser] Ararat, what will he say?' " "EveryJ>ody in this business knows the difference" between that kind ofdiscreet communication and what Rosen and Weissmanarecharged with,Zogbyclaims. "Their choice was to p~ on information they knew was sensitive to Israel." Just how sensitive will be disputed at the trial. Rosen and Weissman were ac-. ,cused oftransferring not cI~ssified docu-. ments, only information they had been given orally. The trial itselfwill include a mass of classified material that the government has reluctantly decided to divulge. Ellis ordered that it be stripped ofmarkings such as "top secre't" or "no forn" (no foreign nationals), which could give the jury an impression that the information was closely held when in fact it might not haVe been. Ifcivilian lobbyists such as Rosen and Weissman can be'punished for obtaining and discussing classified information, what about journalists and researchers who uncover data the government pre-. ta.~y ofState); current national-security adviser Stephen Hadley; Richard .Armitage, former deputy secretary ofState;. William Burns, US ambassador to Rus-, sia; Marc Grossman, former undersec-. retary ofState for political affairs; David Satterfield, now the State Department's coordinator for Iraq; Elliott Abrams, deputy national-security advis~r; Paul Wolfowitz, former deputy secretary of Defense; and D!luglas Feith: for:mer underSecretary ofDeferise.. Judge Ellis didn't okay these subpoenas lightly. He did so after being persuaded that each of these officials would be able to testifY about specific meetings or conversations--either with the !\yo defendants or with others at ,AIPAe-that dealt with information comparable in sensitivity to the kind Rosen and Weissman allegedly obtained and passed on. Ellis also knew that the subpoenas might derail dle case., Ifthe administration balks at allowing sworn testimony by senior officials about sen" . sitive conversations, the case against Rosen and Weissman could be dismissed. The line'between inform;ttion that can and can't get passed is blurred by the amount ofof~ ficially sanctioned daily intel-. ligenee sharing between the United States and its ~lIies.. Such exchanges are particularly intense between the United States an~ Israel" which regu-, larly trade information and assessments on terrorism and other perceived threats. • The FBI's Washington Field Office-known as the WFo-is "It's absurd for anyone. to the nerve center of the government's effort to track leaks of think that. the Israelis have secret information to foreign countries. to enlist people to spy," says Sandra Charles, a forme~ Pentagon and ..National Security Council official who consults in Washington for Persian Gulf Arab governments. "They can go t<? the highest levels ofthe administration if they want to find out what the thinking is on us policy." ' To James Zogby, president, of th~ !\rab American Institute, the case cast~ a shadow not only overAIPAC but also over other groups"suc:h as his, that engage in what he calls "ethnic lobbying." But he says he doesn't have,any sympathy for Rosen and Weissman. Like;'AIPAG lobbyists, Zogby has met with senior American polieymakers and been asked to convey signals to and from foreign ·officials-in his case, Arab leaders. "(US . officials] wo~'lci say to ~e; 'You're going - lothe Gulf-lisk this,' or 'Ifwe'SaY this to' c"onistsofthe Iranian regime. V days after Rosen called the Penta-. gon seeking to make contact with an Iran expert and got Franklin's name, the Bush administration hosted a get-t~gether of Iraqi exiles in Washington_.. It included a I representative o.f the Tehran-based ,Su-. preme Council ofthe Islamic Revolution. Ahmad Chalabi, who ted the Iraqi Nation- i al Congress and was the Pentagon's chief aUyamong Iraqi exiles, would later take up residence in the Iranian capital in the weeks before the US-led invasion ofIraq. According to letters in the case file; in Sep-. tember 2002, the month after Rosen and Franklin first spoke, the FBI conducted a search at AJPAC headquartets. What it produced, ifanything, remains under seal. An AIPAC spokesman says the organiza-. tion wasn't aware ofany search at that. time. To cultivate Franklin, Weissman at one point took him to an Orioles game in Baltimore. Franklin, who was also an Air Force Reserve officer, held not only a top-secret security clearance but also one entitling him to SCI, "sensitive compartmented information," the kind kept at a secure site and granted on a need-to-know basis to a limited number ofindividuals.. During a series of meetings in 2003, Franklin spilled several pieces ofallegedly classified information, from policy options against Jran to specific intelligence about attacks on US forces in Iraq. On a couple ofoccasions, Rosen or Weissman allegedly passed along what he'd learned to Israeli diplomats or journalists. Franklin, like\vise, relayed sensitive in'!. formation to an Israeli diplomat and to , the media. On May 21, 2004, he disclosed , what prosecutors described as "top secret/ , SCI" il!formation to journalists from CBS I about what prosecutors would later crypti..:. cally claim concerned "meetings involving twoMiddle East officials." Thatevening, CBS correspondent Lesley Stahl reported on evidence that onetime ' Pentagon favorite Ahmad Chalabi "per-. sonally gave Iranian intelligence officerS information so sensitive that ifrevealed it could, quote, 'get Americans killed~' " later in the broadcast, she repor~ed dlat the information Chalabi had allegedly passed was so sensitive that US officials "at. the highest levels" had prevailed on CBS not to broadcast it. Flve weeks later, the F~I closed in on Franklin. Armed with a warrant, agents searched his workspace and turned up a JUne 25,2003, classified document. Frank.. lin admitted he had given information de-rived from the document to Rosen and Weissman. Agents dlen searched his house in Kearneysville, West Virginia, and found more than 80 classified documents he had Franklin requested an ~, urgent meeting with weissman, telling him lives were in danger. guerrilla movements in Lebanon, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip and its export ofan extremist ideology. Heshared some of the frustration ofIsraeli leaders, who, from former prime minister Yitzhak. Rabin onward, saw Iran as a threat to the Jew!! ish state's existence and pressed for greater attention from Washington. .As confrontation loomed between the United StateS and Iraq, Rosen worried that the United States would be pulled into a quagmire, unable to respond to what he considered ,a graver threat from Iran. From his midlevel perchat the Pentagon, Franklin chafed at what he saw as a failure by the, Bush administration to come to grips with the Iranian danger. He reached out to Rosen and Weissman, hopmg they would bring their iqfluence to bear on the NSC and, if possible, help him secure a job at tbeWhite House. This would put him, in Rosen's words, "by the elbow of the President." ~en, according to the indicanent, promised to "do what I can." At the time that the AIPAC men and Fraitklln were first in touch widl each oth~ er, getting tough on Iran was not a White House priority. Administratipn policY was fixated on ousting Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq. As Bush worked to build domestic and international support for regime change in Iraq, the aaministration expected to enlist help from Iraqi Shiites, The lobbyists' co·ntacts with Lawrence Franklin developed in 2002 when the de... fense analyst joined the Pentagon's newl¥ formed Office of Special Plans under Douglas Feith.. Rosen had been watching with growing alarm the signs that Tehran's cleric-domi-, nated regime was seeking to develop a nuclear weapon, compounding the danger posed by Iran'~ support for terrorist and Crucial to AIPAC.'s influence on US policy is its ability to keep Congress and executive-branch policymakers informed ofactual or potential threats to Israel and alerted to dangerous political trends in surrounding Middle Bastcountries. This is where Rosen and Weissman came in. RoSen'played a big role in expanding the organization's influence beyond Congress into the executive branch, meeting behind the scenes with well-placed officials and the journalists who cover them. Generally hawkish but nonideological, Rosenspecial", ized in hard-nosed, sometimes prescien~ analysis ofthe major actors in the Middle Bastand Washington. Afather oftwo sons, ages 25 and 8, and a 22-year-old daughter, Rosen has been married and divorced six times. Five years ago, he re~nitedwith his first wife after 39 years apart. The indictment shows that investigators recorded conver:sationsamong Rosen, Weissman, and Israeli officials starting in , Aprill999, when Rosen allegedly disdosed to an Israeli diplomat; tbat he had "picked up an extremely sensitive piece ofintelligence..'! He described the information as code-word protected, meaning that access to itwas highly restricted. Two months later" Weissman allegedly told the same diplomat that he knew ofa "secret classified FBi report" on the 1996 Khobar Towers bombing in Saudi &abia. . In December 2000, both men met over lunchWi~ Kenneth Pollack, !hena Persian Gulfspecialist on the National Security 1661WASHINGTONIAN IJANUARY 2008 "TJiis Is the FBI'? continuedfrom page 79 ~ouncil staffunder President Bill Clin'! \;;Ion. Merward, Rosen allegedly ~lked to a reporter about then-classified US stratcountries in a ~ariety ofspheres froni mis- egy options against Iraq. In January 2002, sHe defense to homeland security._The aid Rosen met with David Satterfield, a senior package for Israel tends to be the engine State Department Middle East official, that gets the whole US foreign-aid budget about the sharing ofintelligence between through Congress. t,he United States and Israel following the While nonpartisan and not direcd¥ in- Karine A episode, in which the Israelis volvedinpoliticalcampaigns,AIPACkeeps seized a large Palestinian arms shipment~. its !llembership ofmore than 100,000 ap- The episode damaged the US relationship prised ofcongressional votes important to' with Yasser Ararat.The governmentalleges Israel. This kind ofscrutiny can have an that, in a memo to other AIPAC staffers, intimidating effect on lawmakers because Rosen included classified information he it has the potential to influence where had picked up. AIPAC members send their campaign contributions. Critics have contended that ~PACshould be required to register as a political:'action cOf!lmittee. But neither the courts nor the Federal Election Commission has forced the issue•. Other detractors contend that because it lobbies for aid and policies that benefit > Israel, AIPAC ought to register ,vith the Jus~ceDepartment as a foreign agc:nt. But unlike organizations and firms that represent foreign interestS and governments, AIP~Cdoesn't get money from and is not contractually l.inJ<ed to Israel. ", brought hom~ illegally over three decadeS.. ..... Franklin was vulnerable.. He had a record 01'security breaches for taking documents ~o.me. Lacking substantial assets and with a.wife afflicted with crippling rheumatoid arthritis, Franklin did not hire a lawyer; in.. stead: heagreed to cooperate with the FBI. Authorities enlisted Franklin in a sting~ In July 2004, he attempted to arrange meetings with Rosen and Weissman, armed with the kind ofinformation'that clearly would be ofinterest to Israel. At one point, he re.. quested an urgent meeting with Weissman, telling him lives were in danger. When the two met, Franklin, who was wired, warned him that Iran had discovered the presence ofIsraeli agents in northern Iraq: The in-. formation was highly classified "agency stuff," and Weissman could get in trouble for having it, Franklin told him. Weissman in turn told that to Rosen, and-the two contacted Naor Gilon, a po", Utical officer at the Israeli Embassy. Rosen and Weissman aJso called Glenn Kessler at the Post to report an increased threat to US soldiers in Iraq from Iranian-backed militias. Franklin also helped thee FBI witb a counterintelligence probe of Chalabi, who has denied divulging any US secrets. Amongthose he called was Francis Brooke, a Chalabi aide in Washington. Accord-. ing to Brooke, franklin also called active members ofthe Iraqi National Congress, Chalabi's political party.. "He. was asking questions about Ahmad Chalabi and my dealings with Iranian of-. fidals,"· Brooke says. Herecalls that Frank~ lin said, "There's a lot ofstuffgoing on. : You should tell me the straight story. I'm :1 in contact with journalists, and I could Ii spin it for yo~." ~ Says Brooke.: "I thought he was off his rocker." The Chalabi probe foundered, but tbe AIPAC investigation gained momentum. The calls to Naor Gilon and Kessler pro:vided what prosecutors considered new evidence that Rosen and Weissman had violated a section ofthe 1917 Espionage Act, barring the possession and transfer of "national-defense information" by anyone not authorized to have it.. . . . Three....ve~ks after their meeting with Weiss... . man a~ the Sun Spot Cafe, FBI agents knocked on Rosen'$ door in Silver Spring shordy before 8 AM. They told Rosen they knew Franklin had provided classified in-. fonnation to an Israeli official. What would •Rosen say, they asked him, ifthe Israeli of... . ficial told Franklin that the information had already been supplied to him by Rosen? Ac.. cording to the agents' report, "Rosen said he had done nothingwrong." ~gents confronted Weissman out... side~ome in Bethes~a. They played him a recording ofthe July conversation between Weissman and Franklin. "Look," Weissman told them, "I was told by people at the office nor to talk to you~" Tha~ afternoon, the FBI searched Rosen's office at AlPAC headquarters, this time presenting" a search warrant.. CNN cameras filmed the agents entering the building. Apparendy tipped offbefore the raid, CBS called AlPAC with questions. Initially, AIPAC circled the wagons around its two officials, defending them in public statements, assigning them legal counsel, and paying the legal fees. Rosen and Weissman both received bonuses at the end of2004.. But the investigation continued. Although AIPAC was assured. in December that it was not a target, four seniorAIPAC staffers were called to testifY before a federal grand jury in Nexandria. According to defense documents, in February 2005, US attorney Paul Mc-Nulty-- who later became deputy attorney general-met with AlPAC's executive di-. Weissman and Rosen were fired. AIPAC also halted payment Of their legal fees. rectorand AIPAC lawyers and urged them to cooperate. AIPAC,'s counsel called law-. yers for Rosen and Weissman the next day" ·telling them that McNulty "would lik~ to end it with minimal damage to AI-PAC. He is fighting with the FBI to limit the investi-. gation to Steve Rosen and Keith Weissman and to avoid expanding it." Prosecutors disclosed to AIPAC lawyers someevidence they had obtained under a secre~ warrant. Rosen and Weissman were fired. AIPAC also halted payment; oftheir legal fees. At: the time, the Justice Department viewed an organization's payment oflegal feeS for employees u~der investigation as a sign of a lack ofcooperation with the probe. An AIPAC spokesman" Patrick Dorton, de-. nied that the organization had acted under government pressure:. "~y suggestion that AlPAC acted at the government's be~ hest is completely false. Our decisions on dismissal and legal fees w~re made inde·. pendendy, b;lSed on the facts and ourcom~ mitment to doing the right thing in a very difficult siwation." . One source dose to AlPAC noted that Weissman and Rosen had refused to waive their rights to sue the organization. Re-. cendy, Dorton repeated a statement he had. made at die time ofthe indicnnent: "Rosen and Weissman were disinissed .beca~ they engaged in conduct that was not part of their jobs and ~use tJtis conduct did no~ comport~hestandards thatAIPAC ex-· peets and ~es ofits employees." Franklin" despite helping with the sting, was indicted along with the two AIPAC lobbyists. He pleaded guilty to two con·· spiracy counts in October 2005 and drew a 12"year prison sentence. Judge Ellis held J;he sentence in abeyance until the AlPAC case is over.The attorney Franklin acquired late in the probe, Plato Cacheris, expects his client to be called as a witness. He hopes, as a result off'ranklin's cooperation \vith the prosecution, that his sentence will be reduced to a "minimal" t~rm. The FBI's investigation didn't end with the conspiracy'indictments ofRosen and Weissman in August 2005, a year after Weissman gotthat initiaJ phone call in Bos... ton.o. One reason maf have been a gap ~n the government's case. The two men were charged with oral receipt and transmission ofnational-defense information. There is no evidence that classified documents ever exchanged hands. The next year, the FBI and one ofthe prosecutors approached the family of the late muckraking columnist Jack AO.derson" seeking access to his ar~hive. Anderson's son Kevin told a congressional panel that he was told they "wanted access to Dad's documents to 'see if either Rosen's or Weissman's fingerprints ~ere on any gov'!ernment documents•." Anderson's widow initially consented to the request, but the family coUectively decided to refuse. When the trial gets under way, parts of it will be closed to the public. Judge BI·. lis has allowed the introduction ofsome classified evidence that only the jurors will see or hear in fitU. He also has allowed the defense to probe potential jurors for indio, cations ofanti-Jewish bias.. AIPAGhas regained its place as one of Washington's premier lobbying groups and is building a newheadquarters. Within the last few months, AIPAC agreed to pay Rosen's and Weissman's legal fees, which have climbed into the millions ofdollars. No explanation was given, although the decision came after Ellis ruled tha~ any government pressure on AIPAC was "in", appropriate and fraught. with the risk of I constitutional harm.." Franklin, Rosen, and Weissman have all failed to find permanent employment while the case is pending. Franklin works at odd jobs, his lawyersays. Rosen received financial help from friends and has done part-time consulting. Weissman spends a good deal oftime with his children-his •daughter is studying Arabic at·college; one son is a high-school senior, and another is in middle school-walking his two golden retrievers and pondering book projects, including one on rock ,n, roU. lVl JANUARY 20081WASHINGTONIAN 1167 I t, "' The sloe Sentinel ALL INFORMATION CONTAI~mD ~IN ISl~CLASSIFIED ~ ~ 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sabJ1~ Page 1 of7 Defense For AIPAC SPY: Suspe~~s: Data At Cor~ Of~ase y.I~s Not.Really tT~p Secretl Haaretz.com OS:33 By Josh Gerstein November 3, 2008 RICHMOND, VA -- The defense oftwo pro-Israel lobbyists accused ofillegally obtaining and disclosing American national security secrets will argue that some ofthe data the men allegedly conspired to reveal came directly from the Israeli government and was not truly secret, defense lawyers told a federal appeals court last week. Three judges from the U.S. Court ofAppeals spent mo~e than 90 minutes Wednesday wrestling with the issue of~ow much classified information the defense should be pennitted to introduce in the case of Steven Rosen and Keith Weissman, former employees ofthe American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AlPAC). The beginning ofthe unusual court session was held in public, but the lawyers and the judges retreated behind closed doors in a specially-cleared and guarded courtroom to discuss the most sensitive aspects ofthe case about halfway through the hearing. As they waited for the arguments to begin, defense lawyers leafed through fat binders marked i~ orange with the words, "TOP SECRET." Rosen and Weissman were indicted in 2005 on charges that they gathered secrets from U.S. officials and passed the 90nfidential information to journalists, Israeli diplomats and others in violation ofthe United States Espionage Act. Rosen and Weissman are not charged with receiving or distributing any classified documents, but solely with relaying information orally. Some-free speech advocates have argued that what the two men allegedly did is not much different from what journalists do every day. Prosecutors have indicated that covert wiretaps captured the men acknowledging they knew the·data was classified. Trial dates for the pair, who were fired from AlPAC, have been repeatedly canceled as wrangling dragged on.over what classified information could be revealed at trial, which could take place as soon as February. Aparade.ofprot:Uinent witnesses are expected, including Secretary ofState Condoleezza Rice, fonner U.S. Army General Anthony Zinni and leaders ofU.S.-based pro-Israel groups. Rosen and Weissman, who have pled not guilty, face the possibility oflengthy prison terms if convicted. A Pentagon analyst who admitted leaking information to the duo, Lawrence Franklin, was sentenced to more than 12 years in prison and is cooperating with prosecutors. . The government filed the appeal last week, arguing that the trial judge, T.S. Ellis lIT, erred when he ruled the defense was entitled to use a classified State Department document and another from the Federa. Bureau o( InyestigatiQn. "That information is not actually relevant to the crim~ that was charged," an attorney in the Justice_Department's counterespionage. section, Thomas Reilly, told the judges. Rosen's attorney, Abbe Lowell, said the State Department document shows that Israel was circulating the intelligence reports Rosen is accused ofdisclosing to 9ther AlPAC employees and a foreigner not named in the indictment. "You have to be able to prove what the Israelis knew," Lowell said. "In our defense, it is important that this infonnation,· discussed down the .line by,our client, is Israel-based." Lowell did not detail the Israeli information in the open session, but declassified court records .indicate the document describes intelligence about the Karine A, a ship seized by Israel in 2002 in the Red Sea. Israel sai~ the vessel was loaded with rifles, anti-tank missiles,·rockets, mortars and other weapons destined for the Gaza Strip. Sources close to the case said the State Departinent memo relates to a briefing Israeli Gen. Yossi KUp'erw~ser_gave.American.diplomats.aboutiheJ{atjlle Adu~n!l a trip to Washington in January, 2002. lRosen.gQt.a.similar_briefing.from Kupe[Wa§!~rJhe.satTI~ d!y~ - /J.. ~ Lowell suggested that the State Department memo was nearly identical to a note Rosen sent to fellow AlPAC employees. "you'd be able to draw a line between the allegation and the assertion and where it's http://sioc.fbinet.fbi/documents/IntranetlInformationiSentineV2008/November/03.htm 11/3/2008 I. T!le Sloe Sentinel o 'Page20f2 -- .......... , from,'," Lowell said. Lpwell alsQ said a forme~ State Department official, Carl Ford Jt., was prepared to testify that the bulk ofthe memo was actually unclassified. "Who gets.io define what's classified is the' Executive Branch," Reilly insisted. The nature ofthe FJJ.l document was less clear, but a lawyer for Weissman, Baruch Weiss,··said prosecutors want to prevent the defense from disputing which portion of the report made it so sensitive. "The government wants to use the part ofthe document that is helpful to them and they don't want us to use the part ofthe document that is helpful to us," Weiss said. The appeals judges, Robert King, Roger Gregory and Dennis Shedd, issued no immediate decision, but Shedd said he was reluctant to disturb the rulings Ellis arrived at after protracted hearings. "You have a very high hill to climb, especially with the time the judge spent in this case," he told Reilly. All three appeals jurists expressed skepticism about the government's claim that the ruling o~ classified information opened up Judge Ellis' .other decisions for immediate appe,!l. "That wQ.l!ld be a change to what we nonnally apply," Shedd said. Generally, federal prosecutors in America cannot appeal p're-trial rulings on legal and evidentiary issues and defendants can do so only if they are coftvicted. Weiss said those basic rules should be kept despite the classified information issue. "I was a prosecutor myself. Many times, I lost things I'd have loved to appeal," Weiss said. "I was stuck.1t Reilly argued a law passed in 1980 to govern the use of classified information in criminal cases made clear that Congress wanted court proceedings involving national secrets handled differently. liThe point is to get it right before classified information is disclosed," he said. Through his attorney, Rosen asked to be admitted to the secret portion ofthe argument but was never allowed in. The three-judge panel assigned to the case is fairly diverse politically, with Shedd appointed to the bench by the elderBu,~h, King named,by President Clinton, and Gregory on the panel via an unusual recess appointment from Clinton a~d a subsequent nod from the current President Bush. Either the defense ,or prosecution could ask for reconsideration ofthe appeals judges' ruling by the full II-judge bench ofthe 4th Circuit or review by the Supreme Court, but such requests are rarely granted. . http://sioc.fbinet.fbildocumen~lIntranetlInfonnation/Sentine1l2668iNovember/03.htm 1113/2008 From: Sent: To: SUbject: UNCLASSIFIED NON-RECORD ALL IMFOPXATION COI~AINED ~M IS UNCLASSIFIED O~ D~07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc baw/sab/ls WF) (FBI) I I(FBI) 1~:~;':""1::l'T:Z::,,:,~Y_M_a~:_b_1_7_2_0_0_9_9_.1_1_A_M_. ~FBI) b6 b7C You should see the actual paper today. It is not only on the front page, it is the top story all the way across the front page. From: Sent: To: Subject: :-"':"IIr:~es_aa_v_M_a_rffi_I7_2_0_n!_(:_~5_1~_4: .....II(FBI) UNCLASSIFIED NON-RECORD Note the author Israe.l's N.ational Security Aide Bal1·ed From U.S. The Washington Times By Eli Lake March 17, 2009 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL -- Uzi Arad, who is expected to serve as national security adyiser in the next Israeli government, has been barred from entering the United States for nearly two years bn the grounds that he is an intelligence risk. Mr. Arad, a former member and director of intelligence for the Mossad, Israel's spy service; is mentioned in the indictment ofLawrence Franklin, a fOlmer pentagon analyst who pleaded guilty in 2005 to providing classified information about ~ran in a conversation with two employees ofthe American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AlPAC). Beyond Mr. Arad's status, Prime Minister-designate Benjamin Netanyahu is likely to face difficulties abroad because ofhis choice, announced Monday, of Avigdor Lieberman to serve as foreign minister in a narrow new rightist government. : Mr. Lieberman, head ofthe Israel Is·Our Home party, has advocated requiring Israel's 1.46 million Arabs to take a loyalty test or risk expulsion. The choice ofMr. Arad for national' security adviser has been reported in the Israeli press and was confirmed by sources close to Mr., Netanyahu, who has been tasked with forming the next government. Mr. Arad acknowledged to The Washington Time$ thathe has not been able to obtain a visa to come to the United States but said the Israeli government is trying to change that. ."The director-g~neral.of.the _, Israel Foreign Ministry did tell his American counterparts that there has been no cause to deny !1\et~~risa'~'>Mr'l ~ l I Arad told The Times. I ' t" ~ t " • , r 5! I ': t T t. I Israeli and U.S. officials said Mr. Arad has been denied a U.S. visa since June 2007 under sectio~:~~2 ~(~) of. . the Immigration and Nationality Act. This gives consular officers and the Justice Department' ati.i4~rity··to bar,- (' ~ people who may seek "to violate any law ofthe United States relating to espionage or sabotage~' ft<iu) enlCiring:.~. f • the country. Mr. Arad was a member ~fthe Mossad spy service from 1975 to 1997. After retitingi:lie b~~ame; '"'' - i Mr. Netany~,!'s forei~ po~icy adviser. ~ile ~n the.Mossa~ Mr. Arad worked mainly all, anl\.ly~i§,jbut·1te aIJ~,;; ~l served as a lIaison for Intelhgence operations With allIed services $uch as the CIA. . .. J ..__ -I j 1'- , .~ tt' I • 1 ." --... _.. _,,"_f " I ,... o 0 l~ the past 21 months, pro11?-inent Israelis and Americans have quietly'but unsu'ccessfully pressed U.S. officials to grant Mr. Arad a visit. "Overtures were made, and, by. and large, tHere was not a satisfactory answer," said Herb London, president ofthe Hudson Institute, where Mr. Arad worked from 1972 to 1975 after obtaining a doctorate from Princeton University. "He has invited luminaries from around the world to talk about foreign .policy at the annual Herzliya conference," Mr. Lpndon said. "There are people from the left and the right who recogni~e that he has extraordinary insight into the foreign policy issues ofour time.II In a June 18, 2007, letter to U.S. officials, the president ofthe Interdisciplinary Center at Herzliya, Uriel Reichman, wrote, "I very much hope that such visa will indeed be granted as expeditiously as possible since prof~ssor Arad's travels to the United States are essential for his work at the Interdisciplinary Center." One mystery about Mr. Arad's difficulties in obtainiQg a visa is that Mr. Franklin did not plead guilty to spying. Indeed, the U.S. attorney handling the case against Mr. Franklin andiwo former AIPAC employees, Steven J. Rosen'and Keith Weissman, charged all three men with mishandling national defense informatioh, a count listed in the U.S. code under the Espionage Act but less serious than being"an agent of a foreign power. Mr. Rosen and Mr. Weissman are fighting the charges, which are controversial because they are the first private citizens to be accused of leaking classified information. The indictment against Mr. Franklin makes two references to "a person previously associated with an intelligence agency of [foreign official's] country." Two former U.S. officials and a former Israeli official have confirmed that Mr. Arad is the Ilperson." The passage refers to a meeting between Mr. Franklin and Mr. Arad on Feb.. 20, 2004, at the Pentagon cafeteria and an earlier recommendation by an Israeli diplomat that Mr. Franklin meet with Mr. Arad. In his letter, Mr. Reichman referenced the section of the Immigration and Nationality Act that deals with espionage issues, saying, "it being absolutely certain to me and to all who know him, that none ofthe causes specified ... apply to him.1I A Washington immigration lawyer, Glen Wasserstein, said Mr. Arad was being barred under the section Qf law that Ilallows the government to deny entry to those foreign nationals it deems as spies or saboteurs, and those who help or assistJn such spying or sabotage.II Mr.. Wasserstein said the president or attorney general could waive the restriction on the visa. Buck Revell, a former associate director ofthe FBI who oversaw counterintelligence investigations at the bureau, added that as national security adviser, Mr. Arad would not be in a position to engage in espionage or intelligence activities. Nonetheless, Mr. Revell said, the suspicion surrounding Mr. Arad could hamper U.S.Israel relations. liThe [Israeli] national security council chairman has access to all ofIsrael's intelligence and all the intelligence we share with them, normally,II Mr. Rev~ll said. IlWhether or not our agenci~s would restrict any type of intelligence from going to him would be very problematic. That is something they will have to deal with." A senior official ofthe incoming Netanyahu administration, Who spoke.on the condition that he not be naqtedbecause ofthe sensitivity of the issue, told The Times that he,expects Mr. Arad to be able to travel to the United States for official business. "This is an i~sue that the new government ofIsrael trusts can be resolved," the official said. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 2 The~SIbc Sentinel '-;r' o ALL INFOPXATION CONTAINED . . HEPLIN IS UNCLASSIFIED ~ DATE 07-29-2010 BY 60324 uc ba~~J1Sg Page 1of2 --- Politico.com 10:48 PM EST By Josh Gerstein June 1.1, 2009 ALEXANDRIA, VA -- Afederal j~dge ~as virtually ':Viped out the prison sentence of more than 12 years he first imposed on a Pe!1tagon analyst "Yho pled guilty to leaking classified information to two pro-Ismellobbyists. At a hearing Thursday evening in Alexandria, Va., Judge T.S. Ellis reduce4 the sentenc~ for the former defense QfficiaI,Larry Franklip., to probation plus 1omonths in "community confinem~nt," likely a halfway house. Prosecutors had'asked the judge to drop the sentence t~ 8 years in light ofFranklin's cooper~tion, w~ile a def~nse lawyer (or Franklit.t, Plato Ca~heris" aske.4 for "no seJ:}tence at all." In explaining his decision to dr~atically reduce Franklin's sentence, Ellis cited the lack of punishment and light punishments imposed on other leakers, as well as Franklin's ~ooperation in the prosecution ofthe two lobbyists later ~red from the America~ Israel Public Affairs committee, ~teven Rosen and Keith W. eissman. . Last month, days ~efore the case against the p~ir was' set to go to trial, t,he government dropped the prosecution. Th~ Justi~~ Department said legal ridings in the case and'the threat ofnew disclQsq~es of classified information maae a trial unadvisabl~. "I~'~.a very difficult and unusual situation," Elli~ said. "'~his one is unique." The judge said he did not quib~le with the government's decision to drop the Rosen and Weissman prosecutions, but that the move was'''significant'' and had· "some relevance" to what punishment Franklin should receive. He said, it was "very disputable" whether some of the information at the heart ofthe case was actually the kil}d of "national defense information" it is illegal to relay outsid~ the government. - Ellis railed Thursday against p~ople who leak classified information, including those whQ leaked na~ional intelligence estimates about Iran and revealed the existen~e ofthe warrantless w~retapping' program maintained.by: the National Security Agency. How~ver,Jle also said he had no p~oblem with people"YhQ disclosed such information as. an act ofcivil disobedience and accepted what follpwed. "Disclosing it was ok~y, if a per~on is willing to stand' up and say, II.dia it. Give me the consequences,llt the judge,said. Ellis said he wanted Frank!in's punis.hmeQt to serve as a "b~acon" to' other officials,that . they wou~d face serious consequences if they committed similar breaches. "Secrets a~e important to a nat~on. Ifwe couldn't keep our' secrets, we would be at great risk," ~he judge said. Franklin pled guilty it\,2005 to thr~e felony,counts involving illegal distribution and possession of classified information. He had been free pe~ding the.trial for the two ex-Aipac officials. His attorney, Plato Cacheris,'saia the fonile~ policy'analyst h~d trouble finding good work. "He's been digging ditches. H~ls been cleat:ling cesspools," the attorney said. The infonnation that Franklin gave to the two AIPAC lobbyists has never,been officially detailed, but it related to the threat Iran posed to U.S. fo~ces in.the region. He also acknowledged numerous meetings with an Israeli diplomat,':Nao! Gilon. In a pleaJor lenienctThursday,:Ftanklin said he was,motivated solely by "love ofour republic and by the safetY ofour militarypersonner that were about to go' into Iraq." ..He insisted .~e wasn't tryipg.toJeak anything, but simply to use a'back channel to alert "a particularNSC source" to the danger~\hi,Iraq .. .The,~- . ex-Pentagon analys~ didn't know at th~ time that Rosen and Weissman worked for th~ pro-i~i~J 1 t ~ ! i lobby~ng group. Franklin said he wanted to spend time'instructing Y0'!1lg people ~'about th¢ t~e~t that I!. ~'f civilization faces from those who would replace us," who he indicated were theJorces of "~ad~~ai' I .i't ... \ Islam.". "0~e object of..our ~dversaries is to force us to change internally. What I did was P.1!ly'.~~g into; ~ -'1"t. that obJectJ.ve,"·Franklm satd. l .\ . 1I -I Franklin said he was "grateful to' b.e.in a countrY. where the rule ofla~ Rlld a respect for hurpa*$gh~is \ ~ " :~ r I,! 4" ,l \ I I ' ( • ' oj http://sioc.fuinet.fbi/doctimentslIntranetlInforma!!.9n1Sentine1l2009/June/12.htm 6/12/2009 The sloe Sentinel o ..... d Page 2 of2 }~ vibrant." Ellis quickly interrupted. "You believe rule ofla'V is i.1nportant? ....I've lived in-countries where there isn't rule oflaw. I was born in one," the Colombian-bomjurist said. "And what really [matters] is whether government officials obey the law." Franklin said he did believe in the rule of law and he acknowledged "serious errors in judgment.II That triggered another salvQ from the judge: IIAn error is putting on the wrong color tie," Ellis sai4. "We're talking about crimes." Earlier, Cacheris argued that the.govemment's request ofeight years imprisonment for Franklin "smacks ofvengeance" stemming from the decision to abandon the prosecution against Rosen and Weissman. "It's just not justified," the defense attorney said. He insisted the decision to drop the case against the two ex-lobbyists "was not because ofanything Mr. Franklin did." Cacheris's description ofFranklin's cooperation also produced some intriguing news. "He's given them other cases involving people who cannot come into this country,II the defense lawyer said cryptically. Cacheris also sugge...sted that Franklin was the target of witness tampering in the Aipac case. ~ "Someone came to approach Franklin to have him, in effect, disappear," the defense attorney said. He said Franklin immediately reported the incident to authorities. -Cacheris did not elaborate Qn the episode, but it could help explain why the EJU sought to interview Jewish leaders several years ago about attempts to provide financial assistance oremployment to Rosen and Weissman. Prosecutor Neil Hammerstrom suggested Franklin deserved more severe punishment than Rosen and Weissman, had they been convicted. "I~ many ways, he was a more significant violator than Rosen and Weissman ever were alleged to be," the prosecutor said. "Ifyou don't have people like Mr. Franklin in government doing that, you don't hav~ people [outside] passing classified information." Hainmerstrom also noted that Franklin took topsecret information to his home even after being disciplined for such activity. "You have before you an individual that just can't seem to f~llow the law when it comes to cl~sified information," the prosecutor said. He said Frankliti deserved credit for cooperating, but that his assistance had not been "ideal." In response to a question from Ellis Thursday, Franklin confirmed speculation that his rende~ous with Rosen and Weissman was arranged by Michael Makovsky, a former energy analyst for the Pentagon. Makovsky, who has left the government, was not charged in the case and was expected to be a witness at the trial ofRosen and Weissman Before the main hearing Thursday, lawyers spent nearly half an hour arguing behind closed doors about whether the re-sentencing snould be open to the public. The judge eventually allowed the press and public into the courtroom, though he said portions ofcourt ,filings about Franklin's sentence will remain under seal. As the hearing concluded i!1 the case, which has been the subjected of hard-fought legal battles for nearly four years, the judge stniggled to maintained his composure. He praised prosecutors and defense lawyers. "You all did a very goodjob," said Ellis, who is now semi-retired. - .. http://sioc.fbinet.fbi/docum